Abstract
We aimed to find out the sand fly species in five municipalities along the Peixe River in the west of Santa Catarina state, Brazil, and verify the presence of females naturally infected with Leishmania ( Leishmania ) infantum Nicolle . Phlebotomine were collected using a Falcao light trap and identified through morphology. A total of 149 specimens of 10 phlebotomine species were identified, four of which were already reported with natural Leishmania spp. infection. However, using amplification of L . ( L .) infantum kDNA through multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, no natural infection was observed in these specimens. The region is non-endemic for leishmaniasis and the low amount of collected specimens may have contributed to the negative results. However, the simultaneous presence of phlebotomine species reported in the literature as naturally infected with Leishmania spp. and a recent report of dogs naturally infected with L . ( L .) infantum demonstrate the need to expand monitoring in this geographical region, particularly to detect sandflies potentially infected with Leishmania spp. Key words: Leishmaniasis, Migonemyia migonei , Nyssomyia neivai .
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