Normalized pulse volume (NPV) derived photo-plethysmographically as a more valid measure of the finger vascular tone

Abstract

Normalized pulse volume (NPV) was advocated as a more valid measure for the assessment of finger vascular tone. Based on the optical model in the finger tip expressed by Lambert–Beer's law, NPV is expressed as Δ I a / I. Here, Δ I a is the intensity of pulsatile component superimposed on the transmitted light ( I). Theoretically, NPV seems to be superior to the conventional pulse volume (PV; corresponding to Δ I a ). Firstly, NPV is in direct proportion to Δ V a , which is the pulsatile component of the arterial blood volume, in a more exact manner. Relatedly, NPV can be processed as if it is an absolute value. Secondly, the sensitivity of NPV during stressful stimulations is expected to be higher. These expectations were supported experimentally using 13 male students. Firstly, the correlation between cutaneous vascular resistance in the finger tip (CVR) and NPV was higher than that between CVR and PV among all the subjects, although there was not much difference between these correlations within each subject. Secondly, NPV decreased much more than PV during mental stress. Some limitations of the present study were addressed, including the point that certain factors can violate the direct proportional relationship of NPV and PV to Δ V a .