Abstract
The bulk resistance of ionophore-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) is studied by means of chronopotentiometry and electrochemical impedance using Ca2+-ISEs with PVC membranes containing ETH 1001 as a model system. It is shown that the membrane bulk resistance is roughly the same within the range of CaCl2 concentrations from 0.3 to 10−3 M, and increases significantly when the concentration is decreased to 10−4 and 10−5 M, although the potentiometric response of the ISEs is Nernstian in all these solutions. This increase of the resistance when 10−3 M CaCl2 is further deleted is larger than the decrease of the resistance when CaCl2 is replaced with Ca(SCN)2 and Ca(ClO4)2. The results suggest that the non-constancy of the ISE bulk resistance is not caused by co-extraction of CaCl2 and therefore is not in conflict with the Nernstian behavior of the IESs potentials. The effect is tentatively ascribed to the regularities of water uptake by ISE membranes.
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