Abstract
A drop of rain falling on a surface, such as the car’s window or the palm of your hand, tends to spread over the surface and even hang onto it. But there are materials, such as the leaf of the lotus flower, from which a drop of water will roll down to the ground as an almost perfect sphere, while cleaning the material of dust particles and other pollutions. In this article, we will investigate what influences the tendency of different materials to be wetted to different extents, and how can we design and produce such materials in the lab.
Highlights
A drop of rain falling on a surface, such as the car’s window or the palm of your hand, tends to spread over the surface and even hang onto it
Water molecules are made from one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, and the water molecule has a special structure that makes its electrical charge distribute unevenly, so that one side of the molecule is positively charged, and the other is negatively charged (Figure )
CONTACT ANGLE The angle formed at the contact line between a droplet and a solid surface, surrounded by a fluid
Summary
All substances are made up from atoms, which are the smallest unit of any element. Atoms connect to build more complex materials, called molecules. Water molecules are made from one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, and the water molecule has a special structure that makes its electrical charge distribute unevenly, so that one side of the molecule is positively charged, and the other is negatively charged (Figure ). Molecules with uneven charge distribution are called polar molecules
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