Non-pharmaceutical interventions targeting psychological health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome:a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IL-22 and its interaction with amino acid and glycolipid metabolite in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients

Serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in IVF patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: correlations with outcome

A variant in the fibrillin-3 gene is associated with TGF-β and inhibin B levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Analysis of meiotic abnormalities of in vitro matured oocytes from stimulated cycles of non-obese endometriotic and pcos patients: a pilot study

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major endocrine disorder afflicting women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS are more likely to suffer from mental health disturbances than healthy women. The "infertility" suffered by PCOS patients would also lead to mental health disturbances. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and questionnaire which includes patients' socio-economic and demographic data were used to assess the mental health status of PCOS (n=103) and non-PCOS (n=110) infertile patients. Logistic regression analysis and t-tests were used for comparative analysis. The data demonstrated that scores of depression, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive, and hostility symptoms in PCOS infertile patients were significantly higher than those in the non-PCOS infertile patients (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that acne had negative effect on mental health status (P<0.05). Secondary infertile PCOS patients were more easily to suffer from somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, hostility and paranoid ideation symptoms than the primary infertile PCOS patients (P<0.05). The results suggested that the PCOS patients especially the secondary infertile PCOS patients had obvious mental health disturbances. The acne might play an importance role in the occurrence of mental health disturbances in PCOS patients. PCOS related symptoms may be risk factors of mental health status in PCOS patients with infertility. More attention should be paid to the PCOS infertile patients, and mental health therapy should be considered if necessary.

New insights into the complex disease of PCOS: findings from early trophoblast invasion and placentation

Ultrasonographic measurement of the femoral cartilage thickness in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective To evaluate the characteristics and prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Methods A retrospective case–control study was performed in 654 PCOS patients (101 were in adolescence, 553 were adults) and 120 healthy controls (40 were in adolescence, 80 were adults). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin releasing test (IRT), and other biochemical testing were underwent in all patients and controls. The characteristics and prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism were analyzed and compared. Results The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism, including impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetes mellitus (DM), was 24.5% in PCOS patients, which was significantly higher than that in the controls(χ2=27.11, P<0.0001). The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in adolescent PCOS patients was lower than that in adult PCOS patients (12.9% and 26.6%, respectively; χ2=8.688, P=0.003), but higher than that in age–matched adolescent controls (12.9% and 0%, respectively; χ2=5.671, P=0.02). IGT was the most common manifestation of abnormal glucose metabolism in PCOS patients (62.5%), followed by IFG (43.8%) and DM (8.1%). In PCOS patients, 13 patients were diagnosed with DM, however, 9 of them (69.2%) were exposed by OGTT screening. In PCOS patients, the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism increased with body mass index(BMI) (χ2=53.71, P<0.0001). Conclusions PCOS patients are at a higher risk of abnormal glucose metabolism, and IGT may be the most common phenotype. It's recommended that all PCOS patients should be screened for abnormal glucose metabolism by using 2–h OGTT. Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome; Impaired glucose tolerance; Diabetes mellitus

Growing evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its regulator mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) contribute to endometria-related reproductive disorders. However, the regulation of EMT and MAPK signalling components in the endometrium from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients has not been systematically investigated and remains elusive. In humans, how metformin induces molecular alterations in the endometrial tissues under PCOS conditions is not completely clear. Here, we recruited 7 non-PCOS patients during the proliferative phase (nPCOS), 7 non-PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia (nPCOSEH), 14 PCOS patients during the proliferative phase (PCOS) and 3 PCOS patients with endometrial hyperplasia (PCOSEH). Our studies demonstrated that compared with nPCOS, PCOS patients showed decreased Claudin 1 and increased Vimentin and Slug proteins. Similar to increased Slug protein, nPCOSEH and PCOSEH patients showed increased N-cadherin protein. Western blot and immunostaining revealed increased epithelial phosphorylated Cytokeratin 8 (p-CK 8) expression and an increased p-CK 8:CK 8 ratio in PCOS, nPCOSEH and PCOSEH patients compared to nPCOS patients. Although nPCOSEH and PCOSEH patients showed increased p-ERK1/2 and/or p38 protein levels, the significant increase in p-ERK1/2 expression and p-ERK1/2:ERK1/2 ratio was only found in PCOS patients compared to nPCOS patients. A significant induction of the membrane ERβ immunostaining was observed in the epithelial cells of PCOS and PCOSEH patients compared to nPCOS and nPCOSEH patients. While in vitro treatment with metformin alone increased Snail and decreased Claudin 1, N-cadherin and α-SMA proteins, concomitant treatment with metformin and E2 increased the expression of CK 8 and Snail proteins and decreased the expression of Claudin 1, ZO-1, Slug and α-SMA proteins. Our findings suggest that the EMT contributes to the switch from a healthy state to a PCOS state in the endometrium, which might subsequently drive endometrial injury and dysfunction. We also provide evidence that metformin differentially modulates EMT protein expression in PCOS patients depending on oestrogenic stimulation.

O-298: In vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVM-IVF) combined with low dose FSH over Metformin pretreatment and frozen-thawed cycles should be a routine ART option for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive-age women. Irisin is considered to play a role in metabolic disorder and PCOS. However, correlation between irisin and metabolic disorder in PCOS is not clear. This is a prospective study. Forty patients with PCOS and thirty patients without PCOS were recruited for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). All PCOS women fulfilled all three Rotterdam consensus criteria. In each group, patients were also divided into obese and nonobese patients, and patients with or without dyslipidaemia. Serum irisin level in PCOS patients was significantly reduced. Irisin level in obese PCOS patients was significantly lower than in nonobese PCOS patients. Irisin level in PCOS patients with dyslipidaemia was significantly higher than in PCOS patients with normal blood lipid profile. In both PCOS and control patients, serum irisin level was negatively correlated with body weight and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Moreover, serum irisin level was positively correlated with body fat rate, BAI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HOMA-IR in PCOS patients. In addition, serum irisin level was positively correlated with HOMA-IR in control patients. In PCOS patients, body weight and HOMA-IR could predict the level of irisin. In control patients, body mass index (BMI) could predict the level of irisin. Expression of irisin in PCOS patients was lower than that in control patients. However, there was no significant difference of irisin expression between the subdivided groups in PCOS and control patients. Taken together, the present findings enriched the knowledge about the role of irisin in metabolic dysfunction in PCOS patients.

Study question Are there differences in placenta pathology between PCOS and non-PCOS infertility diagnosis among singleton livebirths conceived following either IVF or OI/IUI treatments? Summary answer PCOS diagnosis when compared to non-PCOS exhibits distinctive associations within the anatomic and vascular spectrum of placental pathology. What is known already Pregnancies of women with PCOS are at higher risk for maternal and neonatal morbidity. Available studies suggest a possible association of PCOS with hypoxia-induced placental findings among natural conceptions, and a possible role of chronic, low-grade inflammation on decidualization, trophoblast invasion, and placental vascularization. Given the high prevalence of PCOS among women seeking fertility treatments there is significant interest in human placental research. Nevertheless, the impact of PCOS on placental pathology among singleton livebirths conceived with fertility treatments remains unclear. Study design, size, duration Retrospective review of data from 1398 singleton livebirths with available placenta pathology. All pregnancies were conceived following fertility treatments (IVF:1004, OI/IUI: 394) at an academic fertility center and were delivered at the same hospital between 01/2004 and 04/2022. 1196 patients had an infertility diagnosis other than PCOS (uterine factor excluded) and 193 had been diagnosed with PCOS (based on Rotterdam criteria). Placenta pathology (classified as below) was compared between PCOS and non-PCOS patients. Participants/materials, setting, methods Placental findings were reviewed by one expert pathologist and classified further as anatomic, inflammatory, infectious, and vascular [including any features of fetal(FVM) or maternal(MVM) vascular malperfusion], using the Amsterdam Workshop Consensus definitions. Primary outcomes: anatomic, inflammatory, infectious, and vascular. Parametric/non-parametric tests were used as appropriate. Adjusted odds ratios(adjOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated utilizing logistic regression, controlling for potential confounders. Subanalyses were performed separating IVF from OI/IUI-conceptions, and fresh from frozen embryo transfers(FET). Main results and the role of chance PCOS compared to non-PCOS patients were younger, with higher BMI and AMH [mean (SD): 32.9(3.5) vs 35.1(3.8) years, p &amp;lt; 0.001; 26.1(5.5) vs 24.8(5.5)kg/m2, p = 0.003; 9.1(5.8) vs 3.5(3.4)ng/ml, p &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively]. Overall, neither unadjusted rates (35.2% vs 28.8%, p:0.072; 15.9% vs 11.8%, p = 0.115; 21.8% vs 20.0%, p = 0.568; 51.0% vs 57.3%, p = 0.103, PCOS vs. non-PCOS, respectively), nor adjOR (95%CI) [1.02(0.94-1.1), 1.01(0.95-1.08), 1.02(0.94-1.09), 0.96(0.88-1.05), non-PCOS: ref] showed any differences between groups in anatomic, inflammatory, infectious, and vascular abnormalities, respectively. When separating IVF from OI/IUI-conceptions, and fresh transfers from FETs, adjOR(95%CI) revealed no differences between groups in anatomic, inflammatory, and infectious abnormalities [OI/IUI: 1.01(0.87-1.16), 1.0(0.88-1.13), 1.0(0.88-1.13); Fresh ET: 1.01(0.9-1.14), 1.02(0.95-1.1), and 0.95(0.85-1.05); FET: 1.16(0.96-1.4), 1.0(0.87-1.16), and 1.11(0.93-1.33), for anatomic, inflammatory, and infectious abnormalities, respectively, non-PCOS: ref]. Interestingly, a lower rate of vascular abnormalities was noted among PCOS patients in OI/IUI [adjOR(95%CI): 0.83(0.73-0.96)], but not among fresh or FET cycles [adjOR(95%CI): 1.05(0.91-1.19), and 0.97(0.8-1.18), respectively]. In FET cycles, within vascular abnormalities, lower rates of high grade FVM among PCOS patients were noted [adjOR(95%CI): 0.96(0.93-0.99)]. Furthermore, and although anatomic abnormalities did not differ between groups, a lower incidence of single umbilical artery [adjOR(95%CI): 0.98(0.96-0.99)] was noted among PCOS patients in IVF cycles. Limitations, reasons for caution The study is limited by its retrospective design and focuses on an infertile population undergoing treatments, limiting generalizability. Comparisons with PCOS patients conceiving naturally may provide meaningful insights. Variability among PCOS phenotypes, and other environmental, and lifestyle factors might also alter a patient’s individual pregnancy risk for placental abnormalities. Wider implications of the findings PCOS may impact placental pathology in a distinct way, within the anatomic and vascular spectrum, which might differ from that of other infertility causes and might be further altered by the treatment protocol. Our study adds to the limited human placental research specific to pregnancy of women with PCOS. Trial registration number Not Applicable

BackgroundThe human ovary is the target of autoimmune attack in cases of autoimmune disorders, which can cause ovarian dysfunction. Due to the higher prevalence of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients, we aimed to evaluate ovarian reserve and the effect of autoimmune exposure time on ovarian reserve in PCOS patients with HT by Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels.MethodsForty-six PCOS patients and 46 PCOS with HT diagnosed patients who are between 18 and 35 years old were recruited for this study. Detailed medical histories were obtained from all participants. Polycystic ovary image was evaluated and antral follicles were counted by transvaginal ultrasound. Modified Ferriman Gallwey score, body mass index, waist/hip ratio of the patients were examined. Hormonal, biochemical profiles and AMH levels of the patients were evaluated during the early follicular phase. The data of both groups were statistically analyzed with SPSS 18.0.Results20 (43.5%) patients in the PCOS group were fertile, 8 (17.4%) patients in the PCOS + HT group were fertile, fertility rate was significantly lower in PCOS + HT group. The mean AMH value was 8.8 ± 8.8 in the PCOS + HT group and 12.4 ± 8.1 in the PCOS group and it was significantly lower in the PCOS + HT group (p = 0.043). AMH values were significantly negatively correlated with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) level and the duration of HT. There was a significant positive correlation between the anti-TPO level and the duration of HT.ConclusıonWe pointed out that the coexistence of PCOS and HT, two prevalent diseases of reproductive age, further diminished ovarian reserve. More exposure of the ovaries to autoantibodies can cause ovarian destruction, similar to the thyroid gland like HT. Because of all these close relations with PCOS and thyroid dysfunctions, we recommend evaluating both thyroid autoantibodies and hormone levels in PCOS patients at the first visit. Patients with PCOS + HT should be monitored more closely to determine the fertility treatment options and control premature ovarian failure (POF) table.

Fibrinogen to be a laboratory screening biomarker for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients: a Meta-analysis

Polymorphisms of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ and its coactivator-1α genes in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome