Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: The role of oxidized low-density lipoproteins

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the major reason for abnormal liver function in the Western world, is associated with obesity and diabetes and is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). IR is regulated by mediators released from cells of the immune system or adipocytes and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). The importance of TNFα in human and animal fatty liver diseases, both caused by genetic manipulation and overnutrition, has been shown convincingly. Furthermore, neutralization of TNFα activity improves IR and fatty liver disease in animals. Adiponectin is a potent TNFα-neutralizing and anti-inflammatory adipokine and in vitro and experimental animal studies have proven the importance of this mediator in counteracting inflammation and IR. Anti-inflammatory effects of adiponectin are exerted both by suppressing TNFα synthesis and by induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 or interleukin-1–receptor antagonist. Therefore, the balance between various mediators, either derived from the immune system or adipose tissue, appears to play an important role in hepatic and systemic insulin action and in the development of fatty liver disease.

The role of the gut microbiome in chronic liver disease: the clinical evidence revised.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children: Where Are We?

Combined alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the United States and, indeed, worldwide. It has become a global public health issue. In the United States, the prevalence in the general population is estimated at approximately 20%, while that in the morbidly obese population at approximately 75-92% and in the pediatric population at approximately 13-14%. The progressive form of NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, is estimated at approximately 3-5%, with approximately 3-5% of these having progressed to cirrhosis. Thus, the numbers of individuals at risk for end-stage liver disease and development of primary liver cancer is large. NAFLD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, leads to increased all-cause mortality, and to increased liver-related mortality. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the NAFLD disease spectrum, including etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and genetic and environmental risk factors and suggests future directions for research in this important area.

Alcoholic Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and New Therapeutic Targets

Ferritin, metabolic syndrome and NAFLD: Elective attractions and dangerous liaisons

Abnormal aminotransferase activity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Contribution of metabolic factors to alanine aminotransferase activity in persons with other causes of liver disease

Role of Obesity and Lipotoxicity in the Development of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

Liquid biomarkers for fibrotic NASH – progress in a complex field

Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China

Mechanotransduction in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

REVIEW ARTICLES: Platelet G protein-coupled receptors in hemostasis and thrombosis

Yet more evidence that MAFLD is more than a name change