Abstract
Under certain conditions, the signal-to-noise gain of a hydrophone array can be expressed in terms of signal- and noise-correlation functions. When ideal propagation is assumed, the signal correlation is well-defined and the problem is reduced to establishing the noise-correlation function. Noise-correlation functions for two-dimensional and three-dimensional isotropic-noise fields are well-known: namely, the functions J0(X) and sinX/X. In this paper, an equation for the noise-correlation function is derived that is valid for any orientation of receiver elements and any distribution of background noise. Assuming a background-noise field whose power in a given direction is proportional to the radius vector of an oblate spheroid, an assumption in qualitative agreement with recent theoretical and experimental results, the noise-correlation functions for horizontal elements and for vertical elements are explored in detail. Quantitative results are given for noise fields of different anisotropy. [This work was supported by the Bureau of Ships, U. S. Navy.]
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