Abstract
Nodular lymphangitis, also known as sporotrichoid lymphocutaneous infections, is characterized by suppurative inflammatory nodules along the lymphatic vessels. This manifestation is classic of sporotrichosis, however, other infections such as nocardiosis, atypical mycobacteriosis, leishmaniasis, among others, can also express this clinical pattern. Sporotrichosis, which often occurs in gardeners, remains the most recognized cause of nodular lymphangitis. The histopathological studies, as well as the culture are diagnostic standards of lesions that do not respond to empirical treatment. In this article, we will review the main causes of nodular lymphangitis or lymphocutaneous sporotrichoid infections.
Highlights
There are many diseases that have the characteristic of following the lymphatic path, as in lymphangitis associated with group A streptococcal-infections, where the initial lesion extends rapidly from the inoculum zone to the regional lymph nodes [1]
The rare cases of sporotrichoid lymphocutaneous infections associated with M. kansasii, a photochromic acid, cosmopolitan bacterium, are characterized by asymptomatic verrucous plaques that appear at the site of the inoculum that occasionally follows a lymphatic path without affecting regional lymph nodes [3]
Specific treatment in localized skin lesions is recommended for aesthetic purposes or when the causal species is related to potentially serious cases, such as mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [32,33]
Summary
There are many diseases that have the characteristic of following the lymphatic path, as in lymphangitis associated with group A streptococcal-infections, where the initial lesion extends rapidly from the inoculum zone to the regional lymph nodes [1]. The diagnosis of nodular lymphangitis, known as sporotrichoid lymphocutaneous infections, indicates a group of infectious diseases with different causes (Table 1) as well as clinical, prognostic, and treatment characteristics (Table 2). Granulomatous infiltrate with asteroids bodies and elongated yeast/Culture Duration: 2 months after the resolution of lesions. Chronic granulomatous infiltrate with plasma cells and spherules/Culture on Sabouraud agar at 32 ◦ C. Chronic granulomatous infiltrate with plasma cells/Culture on Sabouraud agar at 32 ◦ C. Chronic granulomatous infiltrate/Culture on Sabouraud agar at room temperature. Umbilicated papules, ulcerated nodules with necrosis, vesicles (rash herpetiformis), pustules, acneiform rashes, verrucous plaques, psoriasis-like papulosquamous lesions and purpura.
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