Abstract
Out of the 8 patients diagnosed with nocardiosis in this study, 7 (7.4%) were not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) while 1(0.7%) with a CD4 count of 109 cells/ul had already commenced ART. We also observed that all 8 patients diagnosed with nocardiosis all had a negative AFB result after producing three sputum samples for TB analysis. Conclusions In Nigeria where HIV-related tuberculosis occurs frequently, some patients diagnosed as having sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis actually have nocardiosis. It is pertinent that TB laboratories include gram staining during routine investigations of sputum samples especially for patients who present with typical features of active tuberculosis but whose smears are repeatedly negative for AFB.
Highlights
In Nigeria as well as other parts of Africa, little is known regarding the prevalence of nocardiosis among HIV positive patients
All cases of nocardiosis detected was found in patients with CD4 count of
Out of the 8 patients diagnosed with nocardiosis in this study, 7 (7.4%) were not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) while 1(0.7%) with a CD4 count of 109 cells/ul had already commenced ART
Summary
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of nocardiosis in HIV positive patients suspected of having tuberculosis
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