Abstract
Phosphorylation under plausible prebiotic conditions continues to be one of the defining issues for the role of phosphorus in the origins of life processes. In this review, we cover the reactions of alternative forms of phosphate, specifically the nitrogenous versions of phosphate (and other forms of reduced phosphorus species) from a prebiotic, synthetic organic and biochemistry perspective. The ease with which such amidophosphates or phosphoramidate derivatives phosphorylate a wide variety of substrates suggests that alternative forms of phosphate could have played a role in overcoming the “phosphorylation in water problem”. We submit that serious consideration should be given to the search for primordial sources of nitrogenous versions of phosphate and other versions of phosphorus.
Highlights
One of the most important elements for life on the earth is phosphorus [1]
Human and Escherichia coli Histidine Triad Nucleotide Binding Proteins (Hint) using phosphoramidate pronucleotides and have shown that the therapeutic utility of nucleoside phosphoramidates could be expanded by improving their cellular uptake and by incorporating an additional tissue targeting compound (Figure 30) [101]
Continue to demonstrate to prebiotic chemistry. It is their once relevance again important to note that the only known formation of AmTP 2 and DAP 3 have been demonstrated from TMP 1, which itself is thought to be scarce on early earth
Summary
One of the most important elements for life on the earth is phosphorus [1]. As a critical component in the hereditary material and metabolites in extant life, phosphorus (P) has attracted the attention of the origin of life and astrobiology scientific community [2,3,4]. The pioneering work of Lauretta and Pasek [9,10], and Kee [11] has been leading this front This approach of considering alternative forms of P, could be further broadened to survey a wider spectrum of phosphorus P–O derivatives such as compounds containing P–N bonds as plausible prebiotic reagents. Krishnamurthy et al in 2000 showed the ability of DAP to phosphorylate aldoses (glyceraldehyde, tetroses and pentoses) in and aqueous medium. No formation of the desired arabinose-3was observed the(unlike phosphorylated product obtained with D-ribose reacting with DAP), phosphate was observed the product with. DAP), demonstrating the necessity of the cis-disposition of the adjacent hydroxyl groups for for intramolecular ring phosphoryl five-memberedfive-membered ring mediated phosphoryl transfer.
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