Abstract
Local recurrence is a common cause of treatment failure for patients with solid tumors. Tumor-specific intraoperative fluorescence imaging may improve staging and debulking efforts in cytoreductive surgery and, thereby improve prognosis. Here, we report in vivo assembly of the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) emitting downconversion nanoparticles (DCNPs) modified with DNA and targeting peptides to improve the image-guided surgery for metastatic ovarian cancer. The NIR-II imaging quality with DCNPs is superior to that of clinically approved ICG with good photostability and deep tissue penetration (8 mm). Stable tumor retention period experienced 6 h by in vivo assembly of nanoprobes can be used for precise tumor resection. Superior tumor-to-normal tissue ratio is successfully achieved to facilitate the abdominal ovarian metastases surgical delineation. Metastases with ≤1 mm can be completely excised under NIR-II bioimaging guidance. This novel technology provides a general new basis for the future design of nanomaterials for medical applications.
Highlights
Local recurrence is a common cause of treatment failure for patients with solid tumors
We report in vivo assembly of NIR-II emitting downconversion nanoparticles (DCNPs) modified with DNA and targeting peptides to improve the imageguided surgery for metastatic ovarian cancer
NaGdF4: 5% Nd@NaGdF4 DCNPs were fabricated by the successive layer-by-layer (SILAR) method with uniform particle size of ~7.5 nm and highly efficient 1060 nm NIR-II emission under 808 nm laser irradiation[27] (Figs. 1 and 2a, d, e)
Summary
Local recurrence is a common cause of treatment failure for patients with solid tumors. We report in vivo assembly of the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) emitting downconversion nanoparticles (DCNPs) modified with DNA and targeting peptides to improve the image-guided surgery for metastatic ovarian cancer. Efforts have focused on using visible and short nearinfrared (NIR-I, 650–900 nm) wavelength fluorescent dyes as contrast agents for delineating tumor margins in both preclinical cancer models and human patients These agents are suboptimal for reflectance-based intraoperative imaging due to limited penetration depth (1–3 mm) and high-tissue autofluorescence[20,21,22]. Histology analysis of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining confirms that metastases with ≤1 mm can be completely excised under NIR-II fluorescence bioimaging guidance These findings of NIR-II fluorescence image-guided tumor surgery via in vivo assembly hold promise for effective clinical application
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