Nile tilapia Toll like receptors

Abstract

The fish immune system structure and function are not well studied like mammalian models and recent researches showed that a lot of factor not common between freshwater and other fish and there are many disease and microbes affect some fish and cause a sever effect where other fish resist it. Our review focused on Nile tilapia as a model for freshwater bony fishes, where Nile tilapia consider one of the major massive culture fish all over the world and little is known about is immune system from the structure and functional point of view. Hence, interest is growing regarding comparative aspects of innate and adaptive immune defense mechanisms between lower vertebrates and mammals. Considering these reasons, new models are required to verify the universal validity of the results obtained in human and mice, so Nile tilapia as suitable models to represent the freshwater fish.