NIH Transformative High Resolution Cryo-EM and Cryo-ET Initiatives

Abstract

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a method used to image frozen biological molecules without the use of structure-altering dyes or fixatives or the need for crystallization. This provides an accurate model of the molecules and supports a greater understanding of biological function. Recent advances in cryo-EM detector and image processing technologies have made it possible for scientists to obtain detailed structures of many biological molecules, at resolutions as low as 2Å, that cannot be obtained readily using other methods. In parallel, advancements of cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) allow direct visualization of macromolecular associations and organization in native cells. Full potential of cryo-EM and cryo-ET for reshaping biomedical research is hampered by inadequate access to equipment and a limited workforce. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is supporting efforts to broaden biomedical scientists’ access to cryo-EM and cryo-ET through the trans-NIH Common Fund Program. The Transformative High Resolution Cryo-Electron Microscopy program has funded three national cryo-EM service centers to provide access to the technology and is supporting the development of cryo-EM training curricula to build a skilled workforce. The centers are established with six-year awards to provide access to state-of-the-art cryo-EM technology and training, from sample preparation to collection of high-resolution data and computational analysis. User access for data collection or cross training is provided through peer reviewed open-access application processes. Three-year grants support creation of instructional and hands-on training materials in cryo-EM methodology, including online video lectures, software and e-books, 3-D animations, and interactive virtual reality modules to train novice and more experienced users on cryo-EM technology and theory. To further advance access to and expertise in the usage of cryo-ET, NIH is following the model of cryo-EM service centers to establish similar structures in 2020. To find out more: https://commonfund.nih.gov/CryoEM.