Abstract
In this study, single-crystalline α-Fe2O3 polyhedrons with high-indexed facets exposed were controllably synthesized through a simple hydrothermal route with Ni2+ ions as the structure-directing agent. The polyhedral crystals are quasi-cubic with an angle of approximately 86° and bound by (012), (10–2) and (1–12) facets. With insufficient Ni2+ ions added, only concave α-Fe2O3 crystals can be got while only irregular α-Fe2O3 crystals were obtained without the addition of Ni2+ ions. The growth process of α-Fe2O3 quasi-cubes was investigated and possible growth mechanism was proposed. Magnetic measurements confirm that the α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals with different morphologies display shape and surface-dependent magnetic behaviors. As the morphology of α-Fe2O3 crystals change from irregular particles to concave cube and then quasi-cubes with the increase of added Ni2+ amounts, the magnetism of the obtained α-Fe2O3 alters from spin-canted ferromagnetism, coexistent spin-canted and defect magnetism and then defect magnetism at room temperature.
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