Abstract
In recent years, infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens have become a serious problem, especially in the nosocomial setting. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified antimicrobial resistance as one of the three most important problems for human health. Some authors have summarized this phenomenon with the word ‘ESKAPE’, to include the most frequent MDR microorganisms: Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. [1]. Resistance to the current library of antibacterial drugs is a serious problem in all parts of the world including the Asia-Pacific region, Latin America, Europe, and North America.
Highlights
In recent years, infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens have become a serious problem, especially in the nosocomial setting
As far as Gramnegative bacteria are concerned, these three carbapenems are highly active against H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and B. fragilis, and show antibacterial activity equivalent to that of imipenem for E. coli, K. pneumoniae and
The results showed that ME1036 had excellent activity against community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) isolates causing serious invasive infections, including methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) [53]
Summary
Infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens have become a serious problem, especially in the nosocomial setting. The profile of resistance to currently used antimicrobial agents and the development of new anti-Gram-negative agents, with a particular attention to cephalosporins, βlactamase inhibitors and carbapenems will be discussed. The NDM-producing bacteria are resistant to many groups of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams (especially carbapenems), and are susceptible only to colistin and tigecycline [7]. Even these two agents might lose their activity. Gram-negative resistant bacteria and drug development needs Given the continuous increase in antibiotic resistance, the IDSA’s Antimicrobial Availability Task Force identified development needs for the ESKAPE pathogens, including Gram-negatives such as E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp.
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