Abstract
We studied the genus Chapsa in China based on morphological characteristics, chemical traits and molecular phylogenetic analysis. One species new to science (C.murioelongata M.Z. Dou & M. Li) and two records new to China were found (C.wolseleyana Weerakoon, Lumbsch & Lücking and C.niveocarpa Mangold). Chapsamurioelongatasp. nov. is characterised by its lobed thalline margin, orange discs with white pruina, clear hymenium, and submuriform and long ascospores. Chapsawolseleyana was recombined into Astrochapsa based on phenotypic traits. Sequences of this species are for the first time reported here and phylogenetic analyses of three loci (mtSSU, ITS and nuLSU) supported the position of this species within Chapsa. A key for the Chapsa species known in China is provided.
Highlights
The lichen genus Chapsa (Graphidaceae) was first established by Massalongo (1860) with C. indica as the type species
The genus Chapsa was considered to be monophyletic in the beginning (Frisch 2006) but with further research, it was suspected to be polyphyletic (Mangold 2008; Papong et al 2010)
The three species were all monophyletic with a high support value: C. murioelongata (100%, 1.00), C. wolseleyana (99%, 1.00) and C. niveocarpa (91%, 1.00)
Summary
The lichen genus Chapsa (Graphidaceae) was first established by Massalongo (1860) with C. indica as the type species. Chapsa murioelongata is characterised by its olive-grey thallus; white pruinose discs; distinct periphysoids; clear hymenium; 4–8-spored asci; submuriform ascospores with 20–25 transverse septa and 0–2 longitudinal septa per segment. Chapsa microspora can be distinguished from C. murioelongata by the smaller apothecia (0.6–1.2 mm diam.), transversely septate and smaller ascospores (7–9 × 4 μm) (Lumbsch et al 2011).
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