New Religious Movement: Conservation of Cultural Belief Teachings in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency

Good governance is an implementation of solid and responsible development management that is in line with the principles of democracy with an efficient market, avoidance of misallocation of investment funds, and prevention of corruption both politically and administratively. Good governance is a concept that is widely discussed in political science and public administration, especially in relation to democracy, civil society, people's participation, human rights, and sustainable community development. In practice, good governance is a form of state and community management that relies on the interests of the people. The Lembang District is included in the agropolitan area and also urban tourism because it has the potential to develop the local economy which can help PAD (The Local Own-source Revenue) the local government of west Bandung. These potentials such as agriculture, plantations, animal husbandry and tourism, both natural and artificial tourism. The Lembang District has a fairly high agricultural sector, especially in vegetable commodities, where vegetable production in Lembang District has been exported to several countries and 70% supports Jakarta retailers, agriculture is spread in almost all villages in Lembang District. The research problem in Lembang District is regarding Disaster Prone. Lembang is one of the sub-districts that is included in the Lembang fault line which starts from Padalarang sub-district to Jatinangor which has a distance of about 29 KM. when viewed from the condition of the soil in the Lembang sub-district, it has loose soil which causes many landslides due to slope instability. This research is important to do to see how to optimize governance in Lembang District, especially in the agricultural and tourism sectors. The optimization study was identified based on the Regional Regulation of West Bandung Regency Number 4 of 2012 concerning the West Bandung Regency Tourism Development Master Plan. This research is expected to provide benefits and new knowledge regarding optimizing governance in Lembang District. Keywords: Good Governance, The Optimization, Urban Planning, Autonomous Region.

The tourism potential in Suntenjaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency is very large, but it has not been fully managed professionally, so it has not been able to support regional acceptance in Sunten Jaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, especially in improving the standard of living of the local community. Sunten Jaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, especially POKDARWIS Eka Harapan, Sunten Jaya Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, is very interested in efforts to develop regional tourism so that it indirectly has a very strategic role in realizing efforts towards its development. The existence of the Human Resource Management Training Program in the Pokdarwis Mentoring Program in Sunten Jaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency is one of the Community Service (PkM) Stiepar Yapari in order to improve the Resource Management used in POKDARWIS Eka Harapan Village Sunten Jaya District Lembang Regency West Bandung is more comprehensive in the sense that it focuses more on improving existing Resource Management.

In the last half century, psychological studies on theNew Religious Movements have shown a significant increase not only in thediscipline of psychology but also in sociology, history of religions and otherreligious studies. Today, it is a judgement that people seek a measure toprotect themselves from the alienating and degenerating effects of modern life.In this context, firstly the inclusion of a New Religious Movement (NRM)reflects a desire to take back time in behalf of experiencing the truth in themodern world. Secondly, this belonging refers, at the same time, to the desireto carry the ancient truth to modern times and move it into action on acontemporary and secular level. At this point, New Religious Movements arecharacterized as a protest against modernity. In the aim of this argument,there is the deconstruction of the institutionalized religion and the secularstructure by the hand of individual. This situation realizes with theparticipation of the ‘new’ and the movement, which is a modern socialstructure, to the ‘religion’; and with the participation of the religion to the‘new’, that is, the ‘secular’. For this reason, many New Religious Movementsblend themselves with modern, anti-modern, sometimes even post-modern elements.These include both elements of adaptation to modernity and elements ofresistance to it. The newreligious movements are quite diverse and colorful. Some are theoreticallyhighly conservative, but some of them are radically innovative. Some of thememerge from traditional religions, while others show an eclectic and syncreticappearance. It is a fact that the target group of the New Religious Movement isa group of young people aged 15-25. Since their target majority is youngpeople, such religious movements are also defined as “youth religions/sects”. Is attending YDHs a strategic success only in New Religious Movements?Or is it the possibility that the lifestyle in the modern age presents theindividual? Or a sense of meaning in which his quest corresponds to it? Or isthis a grueling vicious circle that he can't afford to become an addict? Inthis context, the following elements are explained in general as the mainreasons for the participation in a new religious movement for the individual:deprivation, alienation, the tendency to be engaged with religious issues, theinstability of one's own personality and the experience of personal crisis. Theindividual experiences a life in“homeless mind” mode. In “homeless mind” approach, the individual perceivesmodernization and existence as secular, not as sacred as it used to be. Theexistence and life in the Western thinking experiencing this process have beenseen as “rationally understood”, butthe Western man feels himself homeless and free of refuge in the cosmos andsocial life when big problems are encountered. The New Religious Movements haveprecisely aspired the field of meaning that this feeling corresponds to, andthey have met the individual in the claim of satisfying this feeling. In this study, the relationship between NRMs,psychology and personality are tried to be discussed with descriptive andpartly analytic approaches. The nature of modern man's ontological entityrequires the interpretation of the belief trend in the context of psychology andalso requires developing a perspective that prioritizes the effectiveness ofcomprehension and analysis.

In the face of the increasingly variegated ideological landscape of contemporary America, cults have become the focus of public controversy. The growth of new religions has been matched by the development of an organized and vocal opposition, the anti-cult movement. This in turn has prompted an extensive investigation of new religious movements (NRMs) by sociologists and psychologists of religion, as well as historians and religious studies scholars. The readings collected here contribute to the debate about cults by sampling some of the best and most accessible publications from the academic study of NRMs. The contributors address the questions most commonly asked about cults, such as: What brought about the emergence of new religious movements? What is a cult or new religious movement? Who joins new religious movements and why? Are converts to new religious movements brainwashed? Why did the Jonestown and Waco tragedies happen? Are cults inclined to be violent? What does the emergence of so many new religious movements say about our society? What does it say about the future of religion? Cults in Context surveys the descriptive typologies, theories, and data accumulated by sociologists and psychologists studying new religious movements over the last twenty years. It serves to defuse many popular fears and misconceptions about cults, allowing the reader to develop a more reasonable and tolerant understanding of the people who join new religious movements and the functions of these movements in contemporary society.

Economic development and digital marketing provide opportunities for all challenges for SMEs in Indonesia. This especially provides an opportunity for SMEs to do the chorus by paying as low as possible while penetrating the market by cutting the product distribution route through to the last stage. The presence of ICTs needs to be coupled with the ability of human resources (HR), in this case SMEs in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency. The digital marketing competence of these SMEs is important in developing small and medium businesses that enable potential customers to obtain information about products as well as transact through the internet.The research method was carried out by means of a survey with data collection techniques through questionnaires, interviews, and tracking journals, documentation, and other secondary data sources. Questionnaires were distributed to SMEs in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency who had participated in digital marketing training, with sampling techniques, and interviews were conducted with informants which were conducted selectively.The results of the study showed that the knowledge, attitude skills of SMEs are competencies that need to be improved. Digital marketing competence of SMEs in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency requires strengthening to encourage increased knowledge, attention to new knowledge through technology and media, making innovation and creativity in running their business through digital marketing skills, so that SMEs can optimally carry out their business by utilizing digital marketing the.Digital marketing competence of SMEs in West Bandung Regency, especially in Lembang District does not yet have the level of ability needed to improve business performance, because the ability of adaptation and the ability to take advantage of opportunities, especially in technological development needs to be provided facilitation and retrieval from related parties, such as the government, universities, and other related organizations.

The economic development and digital marketing provide opportunities as well as challenges for SMEs in Indonesia. This especially provides an opportunity for SMEs to promote at a low cost while penetrating the market by cutting the product distribution channel to the final consumers. The presence of ICTs needs to be coupled with the ability of human resources (HR), in this case SMEs in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency. The digital marketing competence of these SMEs is important in developing small and medium businesses that enable potential customers to obtain information about products as well as transact through the internet. The research method was carried out by means of a survey with data collection techniques through questionnaires, interviews, and secondary data sources. The questionnaire was distributed to SMEs in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency with a sampling technique, and interviews were conducted with informants which were conducted selectively. The results of the study showed that the knowledge, attitude skills of SMEs are competencies that need to be improved. Digital marketing competence of SMEs in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency requires strengthening to encourage increased knowledge, attention to new knowledge through technology and media, making innovation and creativity in running their business through digital marketing skills, so that SMEs can optimally carry out their business by utilizing digital marketing. Digital marketing competence of SMEs in West Bandung Regency, especially in Lembang District does not yet have the level of ability needed to improve business performance, because the ability of adaptation and the ability to take advantage of opportunities, especially in technological development needs to be provided facilitation and retrieval from related parties, such as the government, universities, and other related organizations.

The research title is "The Effectiveness of the Hope Family Program in Poverty Control Efforts in Lembang District, West Bandung Regency". The problem in this research is the ineffectiveness of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Lembang District. In this study, using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Teaching techniques through literature study, interviews with informants and use of documents. The key informants in this study were the Lembang PKH Assistance Coordinator, as well as supporting informants consisting of UPPKH staff in West Bandung Regency, the Secretary of Lembang District and several PKH participants in Lembang District. Based on the results of the research that the implementation of PKH has been able to reduce the burden on poor community PKH participants, and is able to increase PKH participant participation in accessing health and education, however, there are still some obstacles that show that PKH implementation is less than optimal, this is evidenced by PKH being right on target causing problems , PKH funds that are not in accordance with the circumstances of PKH participants and PKH facilitators, the minimum number of mentors, and disbursement of PKH funds that are not on time. Efforts to overcome these obstacles include updating data, increasing PKH funds, increasing counterpart quota, and extending the time for distribution of funds.

Mapping the MSME Creative Economy in West Bandung Regency is something that should absolutely be implemented based on the reality that the creative economy is able to make a significant contribution and create a positive business climate. This is based on the fact that MSME in Bandung Regency have the potential for both natural resources and human resources. However, there are still many potential sub-sectors in the creative economy in West Bandung Regency that are not utilized, this is due to the unknown location and type of business. The purpose of this research is to describe the Creative Economy Profile of MSME Creative Economy in West Bandung Regency and to describe the MSME Creative Economy Mapping in West Bandung Regency. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method using a type of social mapping method. Data collection techniques used are primary data and secondary data. Based on the results of the study, the profile obtained that West Bandung Regency has 16 sub-districts with various types of creative economy businesses. Mapping of 16 creative economy sub-sectors in all sub-districts contained only 14 sub-sectors. Two sub-sectors that are not owned in the West Bandung Regency area are Animation, Film and Video and Advertising Sub-sectors. The largest number of creative economy is the performing arts sub-sector, almost all sub-districts have this sub-sector. The largest performing arts sub-sector is in the Lembang district with 1369 creative economy business actors or 64% and the least in Gununghalu district with 4 creative economy business actors or 1%. The suggestion that researchers can convey is that the government should continue to explore and develop the potential of human resources, in this case the younger generation related to the Animation, Film and Video Sub-sector. In the digital era, this has become very familiar to the younger generation associated with this sub-sector. Keywords: Mapping, Creative Economy, MSME

France, with its approach to managing religion known as laïcité, has been almost unique among Western nations in its approach to religious freedom for minority religious groups and movements. In recent decades it has passed widely criticized laws in efforts to implement a program of social control over such groups, including both new religious movements (NRMs) as well as older religious groups that have functioned in France for many decades. Examining why and how this has happened helps reveal how religious freedom can be curtailed in a modern Western society using the legislative process and the law. We apply theories from the sociology of law offered by Donald Black and by William Chambliss, as well as other relevant ideas, to understand how the situation developed in France. Black’s concepts of status and intimacy are particularly useful, as is Chambliss’ dialectic approach to law, which emphasizes human volition in lawmaking. Chambliss focuses on how societies develop resolutions to resolve dilemmas as they attempt to resolve conflicts that arise from contradictions in how society functions. The role of courts in such situations will also be addressed. We conclude that the liberalistic and humanitarian national motto (“liberté, égalité, fraternité”) of the French Republic does not necessarily lead to the non-discrimination and non-persecution of new religious movements and other nontraditional religious groups. We also conclude that the resolution obtained with the About–Picard law was, as predicted by Chambliss, not a final one, and that dilemmas continue to exist about how to address concerns about religious groups in French society.

This study raises the problem of the still low Youth Organization Participation Against Community Activities in Cikole Village, Lembang District, West West Bandung Regency. The objectives of the study are: (1) To find out the organized youth activities in Cikole Village, Lembang Subdistrict, West Bandung Regency (2) To find out the effectiveness of social actions carried out by Youth Organization (3) To find out the impact of social action by Youth Organization on community participation . This research uses descriptive research methods, data collection techniques using questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Research objects 50 people. The results of the research and findings show that: Youth activities with organized institutions color the lives of the people with various activities. The social action programs undertaken include (1) Collaborative Work to build villages and communities. (2) Greening the Environment. (3). Compensation for the poor, the poor and orphans. (4) Community Reading Gardens and (5) Houses for the Poor. There is a paradigm shift in thinking in people's lives by placing young people in strategic positions. The obstacle faced by Karang Taruna Cikole Village is the difficulty to synergize the various empowerments in an integrated program, funding constraints and misunderstanding among the members of the youth organization. The conclusion shows that social action carried out by Karang Taruna Cikole Village is seen as able to prosper the environment.

In recent years the politics of new religious movements (NRMs) has raised the issue of the shifting relationship between state and religion. In Southeast Asia this relationship has never been ignored or downplayed because the political authoritarianism of many governments comprises an important factor in the reduced autonomy of religious institutions. This research note briefly describes the emergence of NRMs in Malaysia and their relationship to the state. It examines the intricate links between politics, ethnicity, and religion to demonstrate the inseparability of secular power and religious innovation. The proliferation of new religious movements (NRMs) in the United States and Europe during the 1970s and 1980s has been well documented empirically and theoretically. This large literature on NRMs in the West has suggested a religious crisis that reflects an underlying dissatisfaction with traditional Christian values and the institutional consequences of modernity. The rise of NRMs in the West has also problematized the relationship between state and religion (see Robbins 1988). As western sociologists of religion grapple with these issues, religious developments in nonwestern societies pose questions that cut into the current concern with the political significance of NRMs. In many of these societies, the political context assumes high priority in any consideration of religious institutions and innovations. The reason is that the liberal democratic assumption of the separation between state and religion is not strongly rooted in the political practices of these societies, and in many cases it receives only lip service. The pursuit of modernity in many of these societies suggests the need for local governments to control religious activities that are potential threats to their programs of industrial development. In addition, many NRMs in nonwestern societies appeal to specific ethnic constituencies. This means that the complexity of the NRMs is amplified by the ethnic dimension of religious participation that on many occasions is linked to the political processes of the state. The aim of this research note is to examine briefly the political and ethnic contexts in which NRMs have developed in Malaysia, a nation that comprises a peninsula adjoining the Asian mainland and two states in Borneo. This study,

This study analysis facus on Factor of safety (Fs) affected by value of Water content (ω) on slopes and correlation between those variables. Experimental slope locate in East side of educational development area of Darul Hikam Foundation in West Java province, West Bandung regency, Lembang district, Mekarwangi village, Dago Giri area. An parking lots and worship place will be developed at experimantal slope area, it necessary to held profound study in development area. The object of this study was the soil characterics both basic and mechanical properties, water content and also slope stability. The aim of this study was to determine correlation and influence between variable of Fs and ω of the undisturbed soil samples to triaxial test in the maximum depth of 4,2 meters. To perform slopes stability analysis on each slopes compute by using Bishop method which affected by ground water level, however for calculation the number of water content based on ASTM D 2216 analysis. In addition, to know the relationship between those two variables the researcher used Correlation Analysis and based on the regression analysis, the relationship between those two variables were strong correlation with trend of controvert chart type is shown. Fs will decreasing as an impact of increasing the number of water content, accordingly water content percentage could affected slope stability in study area.This study analysis facus on Factor of safety (Fs) affected by value of Water content (ω) on slopes and correlation between those variables. Experimental slope locate in East side of educational development area of Darul Hikam Foundation in West Java province, West Bandung regency, Lembang district, Mekarwangi village, Dago Giri area. An parking lots and worship place will be developed at experimantal slope area, it necessary to held profound study in development area. The object of this study was the soil characterics both basic and mechanical properties, water content and also slope stability. The aim of this study was to determine correlation and influence between variable of Fs and ω of the undisturbed soil samples to triaxial test in the maximum depth of 4,2 meters. To perform slopes stability analysis on each slopes compute by using Bishop method which affected by ground water level, however for calculation the number of water content based on ASTM D 2216 analysis. In addition, to know the relations...

This essay explores the integration of eastern religions into the Roman world during the early Empire by examining one particularly successful example, the Cult of Glykon, which became popular during the later second century and following. Drawing on the characteristics that social scientists have identified as most significant in contributing to the success of New Religious Movements (NRMs) in the recent past, the presence of these features in the Cult of Glykon is considered from the surviving evidence, including the satire Alexander or the False Prophet, which was written by Lucian of Samosata. As this discussion makes clear, the Cult of Glykon appears to have achieved some measure of success as a New Religious Movement in the Roman world because it possessed many of the same characteristics. They are, therefore, a useful starting point for exploring the integration of other religious groups in the Roman world.

The research objective is to identify agricultural land use change and its impact on the community in Lembang Sub-district, West Bandung Regency. The research methods used were overlay technique and questionnaire distribution. Overlay technique was used to determine the location distribution of land use change. Land use maps of the year 2008 and 2015 were used for overlay analysis with geographic information system (GIS). Questionnaires were distributed to the residents of Lembang Sub District to gather information regarding changes in occupation and income of the community. The result of the overlay technique is agricultural land about 116.1 hectares converted into other functions. Modifications of these land into buildings by 2%, housing as much as 77%, a commercial zone covering an area of 8% and tourism area 13%. There was evidence that the majority of farmers have monthly income decrease more than 25% as an impact of land use change in this area. There was no evidence that the resident’s occupation changes due to land use change in this area.

Traditionally cognitive scientists have had little to say about religion (and even less to say about new religious movements (NRMs)) partly because religion is arguably a social phenomenon (Bainbridge et al. 1994) and partly because of the pervasive scientific bias of relegating religion to the heap of the irrational, the illogical, and 'a fading vestige of the prescientific times' (Lewis 2003). While sociologists of religion have been studying NRMs, their analysis has been limited to the macro-level. Recent trends in sociology and economics focused on the so called rational choice theories (Iannaccone 1998) and in cognitive sciences of religion (Barrett 2000; Boyer 2001) offer the hope of moving in the direction of a more complete explanation of emergence of new religious movements by providing both macro and micro level analyses. I believe that a closer interaction between these two developments is possible, indeed necessary, for the development of a scientific theory of NRMs that weds the macro and the micro levels. I illustrate the benefits of this approach by focusing on a hitherto ignored phenomenon, the emergence of charismatic leaders who inspire new religious movements. The primary aim of this paper is to identify the contextual factors (both social and cognitive) that cause self-interested utility maximizing agents to take actions that result in new religious movements (NRM). Our secondary aim is to identify factors that cause other self interested utility maximizing agents to align themselves with NRM founders and become the believers. I illustrate how various tools of cognitive science including computer modeling can help in this regard.