Abstract
Survey of hymenoptera parasitoids of pink-hibiscus-mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) infesting Hibiscus rosa-sinensis was conducted in two municipalities of state of São Paulo, Brazil from August 2016 to August 2017. Nine species of chalcidoid wasps were obtained: Anagyrus kamali Moursi (1948); Anagyrus sp. aff. mirtesae Noyes and Menezes (2000); Anagyrus sp.; Bothriocraera bicolor Compere and Zinna (1955); Cheiloneurus sp., Gyranusoidea deionae Noyes (2000); Prochiloneurus sp. (Encyrtidae); Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae); and Chartocerus sp. (Signiphoridae). Anagyrus kamali and G. deionae were the most frequent species, corresponding to 67.26% and 22.62% of the parasitoids, respectively. Bothriocraera bicolor, Chartocerus and G. deionae are recorded for the first time associated with M. hirsutus. Gyranusoidea deionae and B. bicolor are recorded for the first time in Brazil. The seasonal study of M. hirsutus and its parasitoids was carried out in January to December 2017on 16 hibiscus plants, aligned in the hedge in the experimental area of the FCAV/UNESP in Jaboticabal, SP. For this purpose, ovisacs, nymphs and adults of mealybug were counting on infested plants and the adult parasitoids collected in Möerick traps. Maconellicoccus hirsutus was observed during the periods of January-March and October-December, with the highest infestation in January and February. In the traps, a total of 92 specimens of pink-mealybug parasitoids were obtained: 65% belonging to A. kamali and 35% to G. deionae.
Highlights
The pink-hibiscus-mealybug (PHM), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a polyphagous species reported on more them 300 species of host plants, distributed in 78 families, mainly in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world (García Morales et al, 2018).In Brazil, this mealybug was first reported in 2010, in Boa Vista, Roraima
Bothriocraera bicolor, Chartocerus and G. deionae are registered for the first time associated with this pseudococcid
Gyranusoidea deionae are recorded for the first time in Brazil; and Bothriocraera bicolor be the first record for the state of São Paulo (Figure 1)
Summary
The pink-hibiscus-mealybug (PHM), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a polyphagous species reported on more them 300 species of host plants, distributed in 78 families, mainly in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world (García Morales et al, 2018). In Brazil, this mealybug was first reported in 2010, in Boa Vista, Roraima. It is spread across seven other states, of which Santa Catarina is the southernmost. Of the 32 species of host plants from 17 families reported in the country, stand out: cocoa, Theobroma cacao L.; cupuaçu, Theobroma grandiflorum Moench; (Malvaceae); sugar-apple, Annona squamosa L., and soursop, Annona muricata L.; (Anonnaceae), and teak, Tectona grandis L.f. Moench; (Malvaceae); sugar-apple, Annona squamosa L., and soursop, Annona muricata L.; (Anonnaceae), and teak, Tectona grandis L.f. (Lamiacea) (Culik et al, 2013, Marsaro-Junior et al, 2013, Alexandre et al, 2014; Broglio et al, 2015, Morais et al, 2015, Peronti et al, 2016; Peres-Filho, 2017, Ramos et al, 2018)
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