Abstract
Two new pyrazoline derivatives DBS and DSS were designed and synthesized for fluorescent detection of Al3+ ion. The photophysical properties were studied in almost 100% aqueous solution (containing 1% DMSO, v/v). Both DBS and DSS had high selectivity and sensitivity toward Al3+ ion over other interfering analytes, and DBS showed higher fluorescence intensity to Al3+ ion than DSS. The limit of detection value was calculated as 7.50 × 10−9 M, 1.76 × 10−8 M for DBS and DSS, respectively, which are far below the WHO limit (7.41 μM) for Al3+ in drinking water. The binding mode of DBS and DSS toward Al3+ is 1:1 through CO and CN groups confirmed by 1H NMR, IR and DFT analysis. Both DBS and DSS detected Al3+ by the chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) mechanism. Furthermore, the probes were successfully applied to detect Al3+ not only in living cells but also in real water and pharmaceutical samples.
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