New practice of BCR::ABL1 standardization system based on p210 and p190 BCR::ABL1 reference materials

Abstract

Quantification of BCR::ABL1 monitors minimal residual disease, thus critical for patient stratification. While significant progress has been made in enhancing the accuracy of p210 BCR::ABL1 quantification, no equivalent standardization has been conducted for p190 BCR::ABL1. Therefore, we developed p190 BCR::ABL1 reference materials to calibrate the quantitative process through an innovative plasmid-based calibration strategy. Then, we further explored the use of p190 and p210 reference materials to standardize tests in 159 laboratories across China and assessed their detection capability utilizing quality assessment samples. Results suggested that after calibration, the coefficient of variation of detection results decreased from 50.8 %–57.4 % to 24.9 %–36.4 % for p190, and from 37.6 %–49.0 % to 19.1 %–28.5 % for p210. The percentage of laboratories within ± 2-fold of the target values increased from 77.1 %, 76.4 %, 73.2 %, and 74.5 % to 94.3 %, 95.5 %, 92.4 %, and 91.1 % for p190 samples 2023S21–2023S24, and from 72.3 %, 86.2 %, 79.2 %, and 81.1 % to 98.1 %, 99.4 %, 98.1 %, and 96.2 % for p210 samples 2023S11–2023S14. Overall, our study successfully developed and employed p190 and p210 reference materials to promote accuracy and comparability of BCR::ABL1 quantification among laboratories.