Abstract
ABSTRACT A new type of jet nozzle for drill bits used in the oil industry is presented in this paper. This new nozzle utilizes Helmholz oscillation theory and generates a pulsating jet flow under common drilling hydraulics conditions and pump horsepower. This pulsating jet flow produces much higher instantaneous jet velocity and impact pressure than those from currently used jet nozzles, resulting in significant improvements in hole cleaning and drilling rate. The new nozzle can be used in conventional jet bits without modification. No auxiliary equipment is needed downhole or at the surface to generate the pulsating jet flow. Field tests of this new nozzle in six oil fields in P.R. China have shown that the nozzle can increase drilling rate 36 - 77 %, and increase bit footage 6-44 %. The theory and the laboratory test results with the new nozzle are presented in this paper. The field test results with the new nozzle are also presented and compared with the results from conventional nozzles. The field test results indicate a satisfactory economical benefit for this new nozzle in drilling both shallow wells and deep wells up to 15,000 ft.
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