Abstract
ABSTRACT New methods are presented for analyzing (1) laminated, (2) dispersed, and (3) total shale models. The techniques involve the use of log-log crossplots of effective porosity vs. true resistivity as 'affected by a shale group (As h). Response equations for the above models have been written in such a way as to allow the generation of log-log plots from which values of water saturation can be readily calculated. Three key advantages of the proposed methods are: (1) the value of m does not have to be assumed equal to 2.0; in fact, it can be determined from this analysis by trial and error, (2) water resistivity does not have to be known in advance provided that the reservoir contains some water-bearing intervals, and (3) all shaly intervals being analyzed can be displayed in a single log-log plot that includes porosity and water saturation even if shale volumes are changing continuously. An application is presented in detail. It is concluded that log-log crossplots provide powerful evaluation techniques for the analysis of laminated, dispersed and total shale models. These methods can be readily extended to the analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs.
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