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Abstract
Aim Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, cardiometabolic diseases remain a major worldwide health problem. A new direction in identifying biomarkers that increase diagnostics predictive potential is the study of the WNT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Experimental and clinical studies have provided mixed evidence that determined the purpose of the study. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of the production of certain JAK/STAT and WNT signaling proteins in cardiometabolic pathology patients. Materials and Methods The research involved patients with myocardial infarction and cardiometabolic syndrome, as well as healthy individuals. Measurement of proteins STAT-1, STAT-3, STAT-6, β-catenin, sclerostin, WIF-1, GSK-3 α, and β, DVL-1 serum concentrations was carried out by ELISA. Results We established a wide range of JAK/STAT and WNT signaling protein values in the patient’s blood serum. In cardiometabolic syndrome, there was an increase in the concentrations of β-catenin, DVL-1, GSK-3α, and GSK-3β and a decrease in STAT-1, 3, compared with healthy individuals. During myocardial infarction, an increase in β-catenin, WIF-1, and DVL-1 and a decrease in sclerostin, GSK-3α, STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 were recorded compared with healthy individuals. The most significant intergroup differences were found for β-catenin, WIF -1, DVL-1, GSK-3α and STAT-6. Statistically significant correlations between the levels of a number of JAK/STAT and WNT signaling proteins and lipid profile parameters were revealed. Conclusion The data received about changes in the production of proteins of the WNT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways expand the molecular mechanisms of cardiometabolic diseases' immunopathogenesis understanding.
Highlights
Over the past ten years, the problem of cardiometabolic diseases, including diabetes, stroke, and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), has become increasingly relevant and medically important throughout the world due to the high prevalence and mortality rate.Over the past 30 years, mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) has increased by 60% worldwide, from 12.1 million in 1990 to 20.5 million in 2021
There was an increase in the concentrations of β-catenin, DVL-1, GSK-3α, and GSK-3β and a decrease in STAT-1, 3, compared with healthy individuals
An increase in β-catenin, WNT inhibitory factor 1 (WIF-1), and DVL-1 and a decrease in sclerostin, GSK-3α, STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 were recorded compared with healthy individuals
Summary
Over the past ten years, the problem of cardiometabolic diseases, including diabetes, stroke, and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), has become increasingly relevant and medically important throughout the world due to the high prevalence and mortality rate. Over the past 30 years, mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) has increased by 60% worldwide, from 12.1 million in 1990 to 20.5 million in 2021. In 2022, CVD, mainly stroke and CHD, were the main cause of death and disability in the world [1-3]. Significant progress in cardiovascular risk assessment has been achieved through an increase in the number and variety of biometric monitoring technologies. There is an active search for informative biomarkers to assess the risk of occurrence, development, and unfavorable prognosis of cardiovascular pathology
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