Abstract

The better understanding of the genomic landscape in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has progressively paved the way for precision medicine in AML. There is a growing number of drugs with novel mechanisms of action and unique side-effect profiles. This review examines the impact of evolving novel therapies on survival in AML and the challenges that ensue.

Highlights

  • This review examines the impact of evolving novel therapies on survival in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and some of the novel toxicities associated with their introduction

  • Prospective randomized trials testing the efficacy of gilteritinib maintenance, following consolidation (NCT02927262), and after alloHSCT (NCT02997202) (Table 1) remain critical to determine the ultimate role of FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in maintenance therapies and the necessary treatment duration for FLT3-mutant AML

  • The powerful diagnostic technologies created in recent years as part of the therapeutic revolution have transformed the paradigm of AML treatment, with increasing focus placed on precision medicine approaches

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Summary

Introduction

The last few years have witnessed a therapeutic renaissance in the field of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), spearheaded by the FDA’s approval of 10 new therapies since. While treatment for AML remains a therapeutic challenge, new therapeutic options have begun to create an emerging precision medicine framework in our approach to managing this condition. This review examines the impact of evolving novel therapies on survival in AML and some of the novel toxicities associated with their introduction. We propose that the current evidence points to a future of AML management that will be more personalized in terms of treatment selection, safety planning, monitoring for disease response, and the re-evaluation of the mechanisms of adaptive resistance at relapse

Targeting Mutated Proteins
Trial Registration
IDH1 and IDH2
Immunotherapy
Bispecific Antibodies
Findings
Conclusions
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