New Analytical Technologies to Resolve, Interpret, and Understand Lipid Complexity

Recent Advances in Single-Cell Metabolomics Based on Mass Spectrometry

Welcome to <i>Bioanalysis</i>

The education system in Indonesia is experiencing rapid development characterised by an increase in the number of schools, students, and the complexity of the teaching and learning process. To manage academic data that includes information on students, teachers, grades, attendance, and class schedules, schools need to improve the quality of their services. Education is an important aspect of the country's development, and in this context, Academic Information System (AIS) plays a vital role in supporting administration and management in educational institutions. This research focuses on SMP NU Medan, where the need for an efficient and integrated AIS is increasingly urgent to improve the quality of education services. With the rapid development of information technology, the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method is the right choice because it allows rapid and iterative application development. In addition, Web-based AIS provides wide accessibility for education stakeholders, including making it easier for prospective students to access information and register online. The case study at SMP NU Medan provides a strong foundation for this research by identifying specific needs and coming up with solutions that are relevant and can be implemented immediately. This research aims to design, implement, and evaluate a Web-based AIS using the RAD method, so that it can make a positive contribution in improving the efficiency, accuracy, and quality of service of the school.

Journal of Innovative Optical Health SciencesVol. 16, No. 02, 2302002 (2023) EditorialOpen AccessIntroduction to special issue on single cell analysisShuhua Yue, Xuantao Su, Minbiao Ji, Fu Wang, and Xunbin WeiShuhua YueSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Xuantao SuSchool of Microelectronics, Shandong University, 1500 Shunhua Road, Gaoxin District, Jinan 250101, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Minbiao JiDepartment of Physics, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Fu WangSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200030, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , and Xunbin WeiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected]Corresponding author. Search for more papers by this author https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793545823020029Cited by:0 Next This article is part of the issue: Special Issue on Single Cell AnalysisGuest Editors: Shuhua Yue, Xuantao Su, Minbiao Ji, Fu Wang and Xunbin Wei AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Librarian ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Increasing evidence has shown that cell populations are not homogeneous, but rather heterogeneous, even within very small cell populations. Bulk measurements based on the homogenized cell population do not account for the critical changes occurring in individual cells and are sometimes misleading. Cellular heterogeneity characteristics may be the key to address previously unsolved questions in disease development and progression. Therefore, it is crucial to develop novel single cell analysis techniques, including spectroscopy, imaging, sensing, manipulating, and sorting. This special issue, including three review articles and five original research articles, highlights recent progress in the development of single-cell optical analysis techniques and their applications in biological discovery, disease diagnosis, and treatment.A number of advanced optical imaging methods have been recently developed for single cell analysis. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, an attractive imaging technique with advantages of high chemical selectivity, high spatial resolution, and high imaging speed, has become a powerful tool for biology and medicine. Jing Huang and Minbiao Ji reviewed the principles of SRS, discussed the technical developments and implementations of SRS microscopy, then highlighted and summarized its applications on biological cellular machinery, and finally shared visions of potential breakthroughs in the future.1 Light field microscopy (LFM) is an elegant non-scanning imaging tool to achieve real-time three-dimensional (3D) volumetric imaging of single cells with a single shot. Beibei Gao et al. reviewed the principle and development of LFM, discussed the improved approaches based on hardware designs and 3D reconstruction algorithms, and presented the applications in single-cell imaging.2 As an emerging single-cell imaging modality, microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (MTAI), with the assistance of functional nanoparticles, has shown broad prospects in biomedical and clinical applications. Xiaoyu Tang et al. reviewed the recent progress, challenges, and future directions of MTAI integrated with functional nanoparticles.3 Besides imaging instrumentation, processing algorithm is also very important for single-cell analysis. Shutong Liu et al. proposed a new feature extraction method in fluorescence imaging of nucleus to achieve automatic and accurate identification of apoptosis with low cost in terms of time,4 which may facilitate large-scale single-cell analysis.The advanced single-cell optical methods have been increasingly applied for biological discovery and disease diagnosis. Exosome has been considered as a promising biomarker for diagnosis of early-stage cancer. Xiao Ma et al. achieved label-free breast cancer detection and classification by convolutional neural network-based exosomes surface-enhanced Raman scattering.5 Actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various cellular functions. Fulin Xing et al. reported the regulation of actin cytoskeleton via photolithographic micropatterning, which provides new insights into how geometry of extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton.6 Siyi Qiu et al. revealed microbial spore responses to microwave radiation by single-cell analysis, providing a new perspective on the responses of living single cells to microwave radiation.7 Fanyi Kong et al. showed continuous infrared light suppressed transmembrane Na currents irrelevant to K channel on the freshly isolated hippocampal neuron cell, which could be explained by a membrane capacitance mediation process.8Finally, we would like to thank all the contributing authors for making this issue possible. More articles focused on Single Cell Analysis will be published in the next special issue.

Statistics: Choosing the testHigh throughput technologies generate large datasets.To make all the data useful and convert them to meaningful results, the data need to be analyzed and statistically processed.The initial experimental hypothesis needs to be translated into a mathematical hypothesis which is then validated using an appropriate statistical test.But how to choose the right test?Jean-François

Systematic evaluation of single-cell RNA-seq analyses performance based on long-read sequencing platforms

Single-cell analysis provides critical information to understand key disease processes and disease diagnosis. However, nearly all of the current methods carry out single-cell analysis in suspension, which not only destroy extracellular context but also may perturb the intracellular metabolites. It is essential to develop new methods to meet the requirements of understanding individual cell behaviors and their relations in adherent tissue culture. Advances in single-cell methodologies have highlighted the single-cell biology and are opening new vistas for scientists to explore. How to realize precise operation of single cells and subcellular molecule infusion is a critical question that researchers face. And, as the technologies to study single cells expand, sophisticated analytical tools are required to make sense of various behaviors and components of single cells as well as their relations in adherent tissue culture. Microfluidic chip has been proved an outstanding approach for single-cell analysis. Recently, the developments of single-cell probes open up new avenues to operate open microfluidics to perform single-cell extraction, single-cell mass spectrometric analysis, single-cell adhesion analysis, and subcellular operations.

Single-cell analysis by ambient mass spectrometry

Challenging biological limits with microfluidic single cell analysis.

Metal/Matrix Enhanced Time-of-flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Single Cell Lipids Analysis

The bioanalytical industry is projected to generate $36 billion by 2025, with the United States currently holding 80.9% of the consumers’ market. Among the bioanalytical platforms, point-of-care (POC) and point-of-use diagnosis (POU) have gained a lot of attention due to their emphasis on decentralized testing and providing low-cost solutions in resource-limited regions. While Traditional bioanalytical tools such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry can sensitively detect biomolecules and screen single-cell response, they suffer from multiple drawbacks such as the high cost of antibodies and time-intensive procedures, which limit their ability to expand to POC/POU applications. Rapid developments in microtool technologies and nanoscience over the past decade have resulted in the integration of biocompatible rare earth (RE)-based nanoparticles (NPs) in microfluidics systems as alternatives to traditional analytical methods. Therefore, this work aims to utilize RE-doped NPs for two biomedical applications, single-cell analysis, and biosensing, that can benefit from POC/POU testing systems. For the single-cell screening application, the use of spectrally independent RE-doped NPs as droplet trackers in a microfluidic trapping array has been described with potential POC applications in personalized medicine. The synthesized RE-doped b-NaYF4 NPs were successfully characterized for structure, morphology, spectral properties, and biocompatibility. A series of single-cell and NP co-encapsulation studies were performed in a microfluidic droplet trapping array to confirm the spectral independence of RE-doped NPs with green fluorescent protein (GFP), red fluorescent protein (RFP), and ethidium homodimer-1 (EthD-1). The droplet microfluidic system was then upgraded to a multi-input design to add the multiplex capability to the screening platform. Simultaneous generation of monodisperse droplets was achieved through the characterization of the fluid flow from each inlet. A gravity-driven flow was incorporated for droplet generation in three separate T-junctions to bypass the need for multiple syringe pumps. The relation between the droplet size and the oil-to-water flow ratio (F) was assessed in both gravity-driven flow and syringe pumps, where the droplets' size was inversely proportional to F. The fully characterized multi-input droplet microfluidic platform combined with spectrally independent RE-doped NPs has the potential to be employed in single-cell drug screening applications in POC settings. To develop a biosensing platform suitable for POU applications, this work started with designing a RE-doped core-shell YVO4 nanoarchitecture to understand the underlying physical principles of energy transfer harnessed as a new biosensing approach. The effects of separating Bi3+ from Eu3+ ions were studied to develop nanomaterials responsive to the changes in the

Сучасна економіка пов'язана з індустріалізацією, розвитком міст і нових технологій. Нова реальність - це коли валовий внутрішній продукт (ВВП) окремих міст, регіонів чи районів є більшим за його значення для деяких розвинутих країн світу, а щільність населення у такому регіоні збільшується в кілька разів за рік. Усе це формує нову економічну ситуацію, а саме, економіку пов'язану з містом як урбаністичним центром. У подальшому варто зосередити основну увагу на дослідженні факторів, які визначають успішні міста, як міста, що постійно розвиваються. Також необхідно дослідити, які економічні фактори є домінуючими у нових центрах, у противагу класичному підходу. Автори вважають доцільним дослідити також сукупність екологічних чинників, нерухомість у приміських зонах, адже вони впливають на приріст чи зменшення росту населення, і у подальшому можуть мати значну вагу при розвитку міста в урбаністичний центр. За результатами проведених досліджень, ми вважаємо за доцільне представити нове визначення поняття терміну урбанізація, базуючись на дослідженнях та гіпотезах, а також фокусуючи основну увагу на економічних факторах. Ключові слова : урбанізація, землекористування, економіка, екологія, сучасні проблеми міст.

Rapid developments in technology and increasing consumer demand in the last century have revealed the problem of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste). Today; with rapid industrialization, urbanization, population growth, and economic developments, this problem has grown even more and become a global environmental problem. The amount of e-waste per person in Türkiye is around 7-8 kg. It is thought that e-waste, which is tried to be destroyed by incineration due to its heavy metal content, will reach 640 thousand tons in 2024. In this case, it causes serious negative effects on human and environmental health in the world and Turkey. At this point, decision-making mechanisms need to ensure e-waste management in a way that causes the least harm to the environment by creating effective waste management strategies for the recovery of e-waste. In this context, the study aims to examine the electrical and electronic waste potential in Bitlis, which was selected as a pilot province within the framework of sustainable development, and to present suggestions for the environmental and economic evaluation of these wastes. In addition, the study tried to reveal the benefits to be provided by electrical and electronic recycling in the context of the economic and environmental effects of sustainable development.

Various internet platforms have rapidly developed into central points of everyday life, for private individuals as well as for companies (often dominated by a single or a few companies). At the same time these internet platforms are advancing into more and more areas of business. This creates the risk of dependency, abuse of power, manipulation, concentration of power, centralization of data and information with corresponding effects on technological development, innovation, economy, society and politics. From an economic point of view, this article examines how the strong market positions of internet platforms arise and can be maintained. The dynamics of these technology and innovation-driven markets and the differences from conventional markets are also discussed. These internet markets have emerged from a series of innovations and are characterized by rapid technological development. Taking into account the economic peculiarities as well as knowledge from innovation and governance research, recommendations are drawn up on how these problems can be dealt with.

Rapid obsolescence is often a consequence of rapid technology development. Modern warships are operating in an era of increased technological development, with complex systems having a redevelopment cycle significantly shorter than the lifetime of the ship. The Autonomous Warship concept is one such area and designers must take this rapid development into account to ensure Navies remain at the forefront of technology without early systems experiencing a tsunami of obsolescence. Obsolescence must be considered early in the life cycle of AI and its connected systems to reduce the amount of redundant technology in the future. Advances in AI and mechatronics result in capability improvements, but also increase obsolescence driven waste and supportability issues. This means that effective, proactive obsolescence management is more important than ever to maintain capability, reduce environmental waste and eliminate unnecessary costs. This paper will seek to outline options to increase system adaptability and reduce the looming obsolescence risks of technological advancement.