Abstract
Neutrino oscillations are one of the first evidences of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). Since Lorentz invariance is a SM fundamental symmetry, recently also neutrino physics has been explored to verify this symmetry eventual modification and its potential magnitude. In this work we study the Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) introduction consequences in the high energy neutrinos propagation and evaluate the impact of this eventual violation on the oscillations predictions. An effective theory explaining these physical effects is introduced via modified dispersion relations. This approach, originally introduced by Coleman and Glashow, corresponds in our model to a special relativity geometry modification. Moreover, this perspective generalization leads to the introduction of a maximum attainable velocity which is specific of the particle. This can be formalized in Finsler geometry, a more general theory of space-time. In the present paper the impact of this kind of LIV on neutrino phenomenology is studied, in particular by analyzing the corrections introduced in neutrino oscillation probabilities for different values of neutrino energies and baselines of experimental interest. The possibility of further improving the present constraints on CPT-even LIV coefficients by means of our analysis is also discussed.
Highlights
Till it is not possible to reach sufficiently high energies to probe the space-time structure at Planck scale, which is considered the separation point of standard gravitational theories from the quantized ones
Other works [4,5] dealt with the Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) effects on neutrino physics, but they focused on posing constraints on the perturbations maximum magnitude for ultra-luminal neutrinos or investigated the possibility that the neutrino masses are generated in a modified relativity scenario
The possibility of small violations of this invariance has been explored in different extensions of the Standard Model and more generally in many exotic theories and a variety of possible experiments searching for signals of LIV (Lorentz invariance violations) have been proposed over the years
Summary
Till it is not possible to reach sufficiently high energies to probe the space-time structure at Planck scale, which is considered the separation point of standard gravitational theories from the quantized ones. The existence of neutrino oscillations itself violates the original Standard Model predictions and seems, to require new physical theories introduction, beyond the “minimal version” of the Standard Model (in which neutrinos would be left handed massless Dirac fermions) For this reason, it is very interesting to explore the phenomenology introduced by LIV on very energetic particles, even in neutrinos oscillation sector. In this work we introduce the Lorentz symmetry violation from modified dispersion relations (MDRs), assumed as consequence of an underlying more general relativity theory, that modifies the kinematics From this starting point, we show the need to resort to Finsler geometry [6], to construct an effective geometrical theory, which can account for LIV perturbations. We compare our analysis with similar studies developed in literature (even if in different kind of models in most cases) and we discuss the possibility of imposing more severe constraints on the LIV coefficients with a similar analysis applied to future neutrino experiments
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