Abstract
Background: Low back pain is a major occupational health issue and a leading cause of disability globally. Significant differences in Surface Electromyography (SEMG) have been reported between persons with Low Back Pain (LBP) and normal, healthy controls. Many studies reveal that when the trunk is in full flexion there is an electrical silence in back muscles referred to as “flexion-relaxation phenomenon.” It is often absent in individuals reporting LBP and particularly chronic LBP. There are several SEMG measures that describe this phenomenon. Objective: To evaluate muscle activity in acute and chronic LBP and the usefulness of quick and reliable procedures to demonstrate abnormal electromyographic activity of the spine erector muscles. Methods: We evaluated 40 subjects aged 25-65 years. For each participant, a clinical history regarding the presence of chronic or acute LBP was collected. Each subject was evaluated with SEMG measures of spine erector muscles during standing and prone position (for acute LBP), and flex-extension movement (for chronic LBP subjects). Superficial potential was recorded and compared between groups. Results: In all three procedures, differences were identified in the surface electromyographic activity between the healthy controls and the one affected by LBP. Conclusion: The study of normal and pathologic electromyographic patterns could be a valid means to support in an objective way the presence/absence of acute and chronic LBP.
Highlights
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a major public health issue and a leading cause of disability in the Western world [1]
In all three procedures, differences were identified in the surface electromyographic activity between the healthy controls and the one affected by LBP
The study of normal and pathologic electromyographic patterns could be a valid means to support in an objective way the presence/absence of acute and chronic LBP
Summary
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a major public health issue and a leading cause of disability in the Western world [1]. One of the most studied methods for the evaluation of LBP through SEMG is the analysis of the modification of the flexionrelaxation pattern [7, 12 - 16] On these premises, surface electromyography has been recently proposed as a possible objective method for biomechanical risk assessment in industrial activities [17], such as the biomechanical overload of the upper limb, the hand and the carpal tunnel [18 - 20]. Many studies reveal that when the trunk is in full flexion there is an electrical silence in back muscles referred to as “flexion-relaxation phenomenon.”. It is often absent in individuals reporting LBP and chronic LBP.
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