Abstract
IIntroduction: In Nepal, cerebral palsy (CP) is the common cause of severe motor disability. However, only few descriptive studies related to it have been conducted, but those did not incorporate neuroimaging in CP. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify clinical and radiological profile of children diagnosed with CP at a tertiary level paediatric hospital of Nepal.Material and Methods: This study was carried out at Kanti Children's Hospital and the study utilized data of children diagnosed with CP from September 2015- April 2017.Results: A total of 100 children were diagnosed with CP. Spastic CP was the most common in children (71%), followed by mixed (21%) and dyskinetic (8%). Majority of the children were male (74%), born at term (90%) and delivered at institution (80%). Neuroimaging abnormality was found in 66% of cases which included brain malformation (2%), periventricular white matter abnormalities (23%), cortical or deep grey matter lesions (37%) and miscellaneous (4%). The results of this study also showed significant association between variables such as birth weight and birth asphyxia with type of neuroimaging findings.Conclusion: Neuroimaging is helpful for diagnosis of CP and also useful for parents and physicians to understand children condition. Hence, further studies related to neuroimaging in CP are important to better understand it in detail.
Highlights
In Nepal, cerebral palsy (CP) is the common cause of severe motor disability
In order to learn more about the causes and pathology of CP, researchers have suggested the use of neuroimaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging
Neuroimaging findings were classified into three categories such as i) brain malformation or 1st and 2nd trimester patterns which usually occur in utero, for example, lissencephaly, pachygyria, cortical dysplasia, polymicrogyria and schizencephaly ii) periventricular white lesions, which are associated with early 3rd trimester of pregnancy and preterm born infants, for example, periventricular leukomalacia, defect following intraventricular haemorrhage or periventricular haemorrhage iii) cortical and deep grey matter lesions, which are related to late 3rd trimester or peri or neonatal, for example, basal ganglia or thalamus lesion, parasagittal injury and multicystic encephalomalacia[13]
Summary
In Nepal, cerebral palsy (CP) is the common cause of severe motor disability. only few descriptive studies related to it have been conducted, but those did not incorporate neuroimaging in CP. Cerebral palsy (CP) is common cause of severe motor disability in Nepal[1]. It is a clinical syndrome consisting of a developmental disorder of movement and posture leading to limited activity or disability that are associated to disturbances happening in the foetus or infant brain that may be accompanied by a seizure or by disturbances of sensation, cognition, communication and behavior[2]. Different aetiologies occurring at different developmental staging can result in the same clinical pattern of cerebral palsy or alternatively a similar aetiology may produce variable outcomes. In order to learn more about the causes and pathology of CP, researchers have suggested the use of neuroimaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging
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