Abstract
The smart city model is used by many organizations for large cities around the world to significantly enhance and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants, improve the utilization of city resources, and reduce operational costs. This model includes various heterogeneous technologies such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Cloud Computing, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). However, in order to reach these important objectives, efficient networking and communication protocols are needed to provide the necessary coordination and control of the various system components. In this paper, we identify the networking characteristics and requirements of smart city applications, and identify the networking protocols that can be used to support the various data traffic flows that are needed between the different components. In addition, we provide illustrations of networking architectures of selected smart city systems, which include smart grid, smart home energy management, smart water, UAV and commercial aircraft safety, and pipeline monitoring and control systems.
Highlights
A number of large cities around the world are investigating applying the smart city model to heighten the living quality of their inhabitants and enhance the utilization of the city infrastructure and resource s
4.2.1 Interoperability Smart city systems rely on various heterogeneous networking protocols at the physical and data link layers, which use different medium access control (MAC) strategies Interoperability between these protocols is important in order to provide seamless integration of the underlying technologies
The network control center (NCC) might dispatch specialized Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and/or quick response teams for further inspection, or to take remedial emergency actions In other cases, the collected data can be used to generate appropriate maintenance schedules, which could result in the service of various parts of the pipeline according to a pre-set priority strategy
Summary
A number of large cities around the world are investigating applying the smart city model to heighten the living quality of their inhabitants and enhance the utilization of the city infrastructure and resource s. Additional services include smart services for environmental monitoring and smart services for public safety and security These smart city services do need the various advanced technologies discussed here, and need reliable and robust networking and communication infrastructures to enable efficient exchange of messages among the different components of the systems that provide a particular service. Our contributions in this paper is mainly in investigating networking architectures focusing on the communication characteristics and requirements of the main smart city applications including smart buildings, smart grids, gas and oil pipeline monitoring and control, smart water network, intelligent transportation, manufacturing control and monitoring, and unmanned aerial vehicle applications for smart cities. We discuss the corresponding architecture and features of this and other important applications in the section illustrating selected smart city systems later in this paper
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