彩葉屬（Neoregelia）、鶯歌屬(Vriesea)及空氣屬(Tillandsia)觀賞鳳梨組織培養器官發生與體胚發生之研究

Abstract

The compressed shoot tip and young leaf from suckers of Vriesea erecta were excised as explants. The regeneration medium used was 1/2 MS supplemented with NAA 1.0 mg/L + TDZ 1.0 mg/L, showing high efficiency in stimulation of caulogenesis. Numerously adventitious buds appeared in the leaf axil and the base of leaf explants, but the cluster buds sprouting was restricted. Better growth could be approached by transferring the adventitious buds to medium supplemented with NAA 0.5 mg/L after separation. Adventitious buds were obtained 2 months after excising inflorescence of Neoergelia cv. Peony as explants；those buds were then transferred to 1/2 MS supplemented with NAA 1.0 mg/L + 2ip 1.0 mg/L for multiplication. Regeneration of Neoergelia cv. Peony via inflorescence tip culture from one stock plant can provide mass plantlets transfer to greenhouse in one year. The florets of Vriesea erecta and Neoregelia cv. Peony were excised as explants and inoculated on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D. The granular calli could be induced after 2 ~ 3 months of culture. However, the frequency of callogenesis of Vriesea erecta was low, only 6.6% and 20% in anther and receptacle explants. The frequency were 71.4％ and 60％ in ovary and style explants of Neoregelia cv. Peony. The leaves of Tillandsia cyanea were separated from the base of plantet for liquid culture. The axillary buds were sprouting from leaf basal after 3 weeks of culture. The treatment of 1/2 MS supplemented with NAA 0.1 mg/L + BA 0. 1 mg/L has better result, an average of 3.2 buds was obtained from each plantlet with 8 ~ 10 leaves. For Tillandsia cyanea, a medium supplemented with IAA 0.2 ~ 2.0 mg/L was suitable of root development, while NAA was toxic. Neoregelia cv. Peony showed better response to NAA 1.0 mg/L, high concentration could enhance growth in plantlets. The survival in exvitro transplant of the plantlets approached to 100％ in greenhouse. Embryoids were used as initiative material for cell suspension of Tillandsia cyanea .The medium was MS supplemented with 2,4-D 1.5 mg/L, which achieved homogenous cell clusters after 3 ~ 4 months of culture. The PCV（Packed cell volume）doubled during one subculture period. High sucrose concentration up to 9.0％ did not change the cell line type, but inhibited the releasing of embryogenic cell. Two months after plating suspension cells by 30 ~ 60 mesh scale on MS supplemented with NAA 0.2 mg/L、2ip 0.2 mg/L、kinetin 0.1 mg/L、zeatin 0.05 mg/L and ABA 0.1 mg/L, somatic embryos were developed via indirect somatic embryogenesis, but not synchronized and individualized.