Abstract
The Roman Republican Senate achieved collectively binding decisions through a process of negotiation that had to end with the broadest possible consensus among those members of the elite involved in the process. The resulting decisions reflected the interests of individual senators and as such enjoyed a high degree of acceptance: but the high transaction costs hampered the finding of political solutions. Against this background this paper examines details of the Republican senate’s code of procedure, interpreting elements such as the role of consulars in senate sessions, the interaction between the presiding magistrate and the princeps senatus or the primus rogatus, and consensus each in their specific forms as means of reducing transaction costs by interpreting the rule of decision-making, the formation of leading coalitions, and agenda setting.
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