Abstract
This study examined the variability of near-surface (850 hPa) ozone during summer in East Asia using simulations from 12 models participating in the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI). The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of non-detrended ozone shows that the first (second) EOF mode is characterized by a monopole (dipole) structure that describe 83.3% (7.1%) of total variance. The corresponding the first principle component (PC1) time series exhibits a gradually increasing trend due to the rising anthropogenic emission, whereas PC2 shows interannual variation. To understand the drivers of this interannual variability, the detrended ozone is also analyzed. The two leading EOF patterns of detrended ozone, EOF1 and EOF2, explain 37.0% and 29.2% of the total variance, respectively. The regression results indicate that the positive ozone anomaly in East Asia associated with EOF1 is caused by the combination of net ozone production and transport from the upper atmosphere. In contrast, EOF2 is associated with the weakened western Pacific subtropical high during the La Niña decaying summer, which tends to decrease monsoon precipitation, thus increasing ozone concentration in China. Our results suggest that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays a key role in driving interannual variability in tropospheric ozone in East Asia.
Highlights
Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant that can damage human skin and lungs, reduce agricultural output, and increase levels of premature mortality [1]
Our results suggest that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays a key role in driving interannual variability in tropospheric ozone in East Asia
The results results of the EOFConcentration analysis of of the theDuring
Summary
Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant that can damage human skin and lungs, reduce agricultural output, and increase levels of premature mortality [1]. Downward motion leads to more surface ozone by the transport of higher ozone air from the upper troposphere. When stratospheric ozone flows directly into the troposphere because of tropopause folding or the development of a strong low-pressure system, the concentration of ozone increases in the upper-middle troposphere [15,16]. The interannual variability such as the East Asian monsoon and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Few studies have been carried out concerning the relationship between ozone precursors and atmospheric variabilities in relation to the characteristics of surface ozone in East Asia. The effect of the western Pacific subtropical high and ENSO on the East Asian ozone variability was investigated, as these phenomena are known to affect the climate during the summer in East Asia
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