Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) emitting materials are essential for spectroscopic analysis, biological imaging and special lighting sources. Herein, broadband NIR emission is achieved in the Bi3+ activated perovskite oxides MZrO3 (M = Ba,Sr), and the luminescence mechanism was revealed using the combination of the experimental and first-principles studies. The valence state of the Bi3+ ions was confirmed to be trivalent in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra and the formation energy calculations. The possibility of NIR emission from lower state bismuth is excluded as the reduction atmosphere treatment, and therefore the selective occupancy of Bi3+ in the Zr4+ and M2+ sites enables the luminescence discrepancy in different atmospheres, where the Bi3+ on M2+ sites accounts for visible emission while Bi3+ on Zr4+ sites shows NIR emission. For the visible emission of Bi3+, the existence of Ba2+ vacancy shows remarkable influence on the emission spectra. This work not only provides a novel method to develop Bi-activated NIR emitting materials, but also helps to understand the intrinsic NIR luminescence mechanism of Bi3+ ions in inorganic compounds.
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