Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of malocclusion in children suffering from β-thalassemia and to assess orthodontic treatment need using Grainger’s Treatment Priority Index (TPI) and index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN)-dental health component (DHC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 transfusion-dependent children diagnosed with homozygous β-thalassemia and 200 healthy school children aged 11-17 years. The TPI and IOTN-DHC data was recorded for both groups. Total TPI score for each subject was calculated and graded according to malocclusion severity estimate (MSE). Independent sample t-test was used to compare mean TPI scores, overjet and overbite between thalassemic and healthy children. Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of IOTN-DHC grades, Angle’s classification, and MSE grades between thalassemic and healthy children. Results: The most prevalent malocclusion was Class I in normal children (67.5%) and Class II in thalassemic children (59%). The mean overjet and overbite were significantly (p<0.001) greater in thalassemic children than in healthy children. Severe tooth displacements were 3.5 times greater in thalassemic children, compared to controls. A greater proportion of thalassemic children were in IOTN grades 3 and 4, compared to the controls (p<0.001). MSE grades 4 and 5 were significantly (p<0.001) more prevalent in thalassemic children, compared to the controls. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of Angle’s Class II malocclusion in thalassemic children. Majority of these children are categorized in higher grades of IOTN-DHC and TPI-MSE, showing a great severity of malocclusion and high orthodontic treatment needs.
Highlights
Thalassemia is one of the commonest types of hemoglobinopathies resulting from decreased synthesis of different types of polypeptide chains constituting normal adult hemoglobin molecule (HbA, α2 β2).[1] β -thalassemia is one of the severest forms of this disease, resulting from mutations in the HBB gene on chromosome 11, which leads to partial or completely nonfunctional formation of β-globin chain
Sample selection A total of two-hundred transfusion-dependent children suffering from β-thalassemia major registered with Blood Bank and Hematological Services Charitable Organization were included in the study
A total of 121 male and 79 female adolescents were included in the study group, while 107 males and 93 females were included in the control group
Summary
Thalassemia is one of the commonest types of hemoglobinopathies resulting from decreased synthesis of different types of polypeptide chains constituting normal adult hemoglobin molecule (HbA, α2 β2).[1] β -thalassemia is one of the severest forms of this disease, resulting from mutations in the HBB gene on chromosome 11, which leads to partial or completely nonfunctional formation of β-globin chain. Depending on the severity and type of genetic mutations, β-thalassemias may be divided into β-thalassemia major, intermedia and minor.[2]. With a global prevalence of about 1.5%, the per annum incidence of β-thalassemia has been recorded to be 1 in 100,000 worldwide.[3] Children suffering from β-thalassemia major comprise the most affected group and usually need regular blood transfusions. About 5,000-9,000 transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia children are born every year in Pakistan.[4] According to World Health Organization (WHO), Pakistan has the largest numbers of thalassemia major children in the world, a majority of which do not have access to the proper health facilities.[5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
