Abstract
Subject Parallel insurgencies in Balochistan province. Significance Islamic State (IS) claimed responsibility for a January 10 blast in Quetta, saying it was targeting an Afghan Taliban mosque; the attack was probably retaliation for a Taliban offensive that late last year pushed IS out of Afghanistan’s eastern province of Nangarhar. Quetta is the capital of Pakistan’s Balochistan province, where IS, the Pakistani Taliban (TTP) and ethnic Baloch nationalist insurgents are all active. Pakistan’s key ally China is investing heavily in Balochistan under the rubric of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Impacts The main threat to Pakistan's security will be in Balochistan, especially as insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province is much reduced. Tensions between Pakistan and IS will likely increase. An alliance between IS and the TTP would lead to a considerable upsurge in violence in Quetta.
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