Abstract
In industrialized countries,innovations generated through academic research are considered inportant for the advancement of a nation's technological frontiers. However, nations often fail to appropriate such innovations. This paper discusses the failure to appropriate ink jet technologies in Sweden. Ink jet technologies, which are currently widely used in computer printers, consist mainly of two alternative technologies-continuous ink jet technologies and drop-on-demand technologies. Both these alternative technologies originated in the Swedish uniuersig structure. However, both innovations failed to be incorporated into the Swedish industrial structure and have been successfully commercialized by foreign companies. The reasons for such failure include, non-complementarity of university research with the existing industrial base; weaknesses in ihe industrial structure; and an absence of complementaly assets required for the appropriation of innouations. This paper analyzes the requirements for successful ...
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