Narrative Transportation and the Potential for Cartographers to Create Storytelling Maps That Transport Their Readers

Described as "absorption into a story", narrative transportation is a distinct mental process and a peculiar mechanism by which people are persuaded by stories. Decision-makers who are transported by stories feel as if they were separated from the real world, experienced strong spontaneous emotion, which can be identified to the stories. Finally, their attitudes changed after transportation even though they stepped back into the real world. After reviewing the concepts of narrative processing, narrative transportation and related theories, we compared the distinction between narrative transportation and analytical elaboration by aspects of information organization, approach to persuade, logic for judgment, cognitive effort and distance to decision problems. There are important theoretical and practical implications for further research on the topic of attitude change in stories, such as narrative transportation, analytical elaboration, self-control and choice in context.

A model’s eyes are a powerful and ubiquitous visual feature in virtually any advertisement depicting a person. But does where the ad model’s eyes look matter? Integrating insights from social psychology and performance and visual art theory, we demonstrate that when the ad model’s gaze is averted (looking away from the viewer), the viewer is more readily transported into the ad narrative and responds more favorably to the ad than when the ad model’s gaze is direct (looking directly at the viewer). Five multi-method experiments (field and lab studies) illustrate that averted gaze (direct gaze) enhances narrative transportation (spokesperson credibility) to boost the effectiveness of emotional (informative) ads. Study 1 is a Facebook field study that demonstrates the effect of averted (vs. direct) gaze direction on advertising effectiveness using a real brand. Studies 2a and 2b implicate enhanced narrative transportation as the underlying process mechanism by measuring (study 2a) and manipulating (study 2b) narrative transportation. Studies 3a and 3b examine ad contexts in which direct gaze can enhance ad effectiveness: when the ad has informational (vs. emotional) appeal (study 3a), and when the viewer prefers not to identify with the negative emotional content of the ad (study 3b).

Stories are fundamental to human history, culture and development. Immersive theatre has created a landscape where participants have agency within stories, and within this landscape the concept of narrative transportation provides a framework where change within stories creates change in real life. “Space Plague” is a co-designed, fully immersive theatrical experience for young people and families about a fictional pandemic. It was developed using community-based participatory action research (CBPAR) employing a novel model for engaging underserved and under-represented audiences, “SCENE”. Results confirmed that indications of narrative transportation effects were achieved, demonstrating enhanced learning and understanding alongside changing attitudes and indicated positive change when negotiating the COVID-19 crisis.

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the mediative effect of consumer tribalism on the concept of narrative transportation as an alternative form of persuasion process. It provisionally identifies instances where persuasion seems to take place via immersion in a reality TV show narrative, rather than via critical engagement with messages. It identifies several mediative effects of consumer tribalism on such a persuasive process and points to the possibility that such mediative effects include not only initial reinforcement of the persuasiveness of the narrative but also reinforcement of an emergent cynicism when trust in the narrative begins to break down. In finding some initial evidence to suggest that this breakdown in trust may be brought about by a failure on the marketer's part to support tribal linking value, the paper also proposes the concept of spurious tribalism as a means to more fully dimensionalise the possible mediative effects of tribal activity on a narrative's capacity to engage its intended audience. Implications for further work are proposed, and limitations of the current work are identified. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Over the past thirty years, and particularly within the last ten years, researchers in the areas of social psychology, cognitive psychology, clinical psychology, and neuroscience have been examining fascinating questions regarding the nature of imagination and mental simulation - the imagination and generation of alternative realities. Some of these researchers have focused on the specific processes that occur in the brain when an individual is mentally simulating an action or forming a mental image, whereas others have focused on the consequences of mental simulation processes for affect, cognition, motivation, and behavior.This handbook provides a novel and stimulating integration of work on imagination and mental simulation from a variety of perspectives. It is the first broad-based volume to integrate specific sub-areas such as mental imagery, imagination, thought flow, narrative transportation, fantasizing, and counterfactual thinking, which have, until now, been treated by researchers as disparate and orthogonal lines of inquiry. As such, the volume enlightens psychologists to the notion that a wide-range of mental simulation phenomena may actually share a commonality of underlying processes.

The purpose of this text or dissertation is to throw some basic light on a fundamental problem concerning manhood, namely the question of evil, its main sources, dynamics and importance for human attitudes and behaviour. The perspective behind the analysis itself is that of psychology. Somebody, or many, may feel at bit nervous by the word “evil” itself. It may very well be seen as too connected to religion, myth and even superstition. Yet those who are motivated to lose oneself in the subject retain a deep interest in human destructiveness, malevolence and hate, significant themes pointing at threatening prospects for mankind. The text is organized or divided into four main ordinary chapters, the three first of them organized or divided into continuous and numbered sections. A crucial point or question is of cause how to define evil itself. It can of cause be done both intentional, instrumental and by consequence. Other theorists however have stated that the concept of evil exclusively rests on a myth originated in the Judean-Christian conception of Satan and ultimate evil. This last argument presupposes evil itself as non-existent in the real rational world. It seems however a fact that most people attach certain basic meaning to the concept, mainly that it represents ultimately bad and terrible actions and behaviour directed toward common people for the purpose of bringing upon them ultimate pain and suffer. However, there is no room for essentialism here, meaning that we simply can look “inside” some original matter to get to know what it “really” is. Rather, a phenomenon gets its identity from the constituted meaning operating within a certain human communities and contexts loaded with intentionality and inter-subjective meaning. As mentioned above, the concept of evil can be interpreted both instrumental and intentional, the first being the broadest of them. Here evil stands for behaviour and human deeds having terrifying or fatal consequences for subjects and people or in general, regardless of the intentions behind. The intentional interpretation however, links the concept to certain predispositions, characteristics and even strong motives in subjects, groups and sometimes political systems and nations. I will keep in mind and clear the way for both these perspectives for the discussion in prospect. This essay represents a psychological perspective on evil, but makes it clear that a more or less complete account of such a psychological view also should include a thorough understanding or integration of some basic social and even biological assumptions. However, I consider a social psychological position of significant importance, especially because in my opinion it represents some sort of coordination of knowledge and theoretical perspectives inherent in the subject or problem itself, the main task here being to integrate perspectives of a psychological as well as social and biological kind. Since humans are essential social creatures, the way itself to present knowledge concerning the human condition, must be social of some sort and kind, however not referring to some kind of reductionism where social models of explanation possess or holds monopoly. Social and social psychological perspectives itself represents parts of the whole matter regarding understanding and explanation of human evil. The fact that humans present, or has to represent themselves as humans among other humans, means that basically a social language is required both to explain and describe human manners and ways of being. This then truly represents its own way or, more correctly, level or standard of explanation, which makes social psychology some sort of significant, though not sufficient. More substantial, the vision itself of integrating different ontological and theoretical levels and objects of science for the purpose of manifesting or make real a full-fledged psychological perspective on evil, should be considered or characterized a meta-psychological perspective. The text is partially constructed as a review of existing theories and theorists concerning the matter of evil and logically associated themes such as violence, mass murder, genocide, antisocial behaviour in general, aggression, hate and cruelty. However, the demands of making a theoretical distinction between these themes, although connected, is stressed. Above all, an integral perspective combining different scientific disciplines is aimed at.

Motivation is underappreciated in self‐regulation theories (as is true in social personality psychology at large). This paper reviews the role of motivation in the context of the strength, or limited‐resource, model of self‐control in several domains. Sacrificing one desire in order to pursue another is more difficult when the incipient response is strongly motivated, a notion that highlights the struggle between urges and restraints. A reduction in ego resources can be temporarily overcome by strong motivation – nevertheless, ego depletion is not solely a loss of motivation: Recent experiments indicate that regulatory resources are rooted in physical energy stores. Motivational conflicts, especially the clash between selfish motives and behaviors that promote social acceptance, set the stage for the necessity of self‐regulation and the circumstances in which ego depletion is most likely.

Pemberlakuan berbagai kebijakan sebagai respon dari penyebaran pandemi COVID-19 di seluruh dunia yang bertujuan untuk mencegah bertambahnya angka pasien positif COVID-19 ini menimbulkan berbagai macam dampak. Salah satunya adalah naiknya angka adiksi atau kecanduan internet. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna mengetahui bagaimana pandangan ilmu psikologi sosial dalam melihat kenaikan angka kecanduan internet yang terjadi selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksplanasif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab yang berkorelasi dengan kenaikan angka kecanduan internet ini adalah faktor psikologis dan tujuan serta motivasi dari penggunaan internet itu sendiri. Teori lainnya yang dapat menjelaskan kenaikan tersebut adalah social exchange and interdependence theory, fearful attachment style, dan social comparison theory. Agar angka kecanduan internet ini tidak semakin bertambah, kita dapat menekannya dengan melakukan usaha kontrol diri baik secara mandiri maupun dengan bantuan orang lain di mana upaya tersebut akan semakin maksimal apabila dibarengi dengan motivasi yang kuat dan efikasi diri yang positif. AbstractThe implementation of various policies in response to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic around the world was carried out to prevent an increase in the number of positive COVID-19 patients from causing various kinds of impacts, one of which is increasing the number of internet addictions. The purpose of this research was to find out how social psychology considered the increasing number of internet addictions. The method is used for explanatory purposes with a qualitative approach. The analysis results show that the causative factors that correlate with the increase in the number of internet addictions are psychological factors and the purpose and motivation of using the internet. Other theories that can explain the increase are social exchange and interdependence theory, fearful attachment theory, and social comparison theory. We can prevent an increase in the number of Internet addictions by exercising self-control, both independently and with the assistance of others. If there is strong motivation and positive self-efficacy, these efforts will be maximized.

It is proposed that ideas about ‘nature’ and ‘culture’, key concepts in structural anthropology, have an important bearing on assumptions underlying rival theoretical approaches in social psychology. Experimental social psychologists tend to make the tacit assumption that they are dealing only with nature, while ethogenists like Harré explicitly concentrate on culture and treat nature as irrelevant. Others like Tajfel and Moscovici occupy a middle ground, being concerned with both aspects. Perhaps the most radical critic is Gergen, whose rejection of nature and culture is discussed in detail and shown to be largely based on western cultural beliefs. It is further suggested that mainstream experimental social psychology, epitomized by Aronson's The Social Animal, is equally culture‐bound, although masquerading as the study of nature. This contention is supported by an account of predominant failure of replication in a not greatly dissimilar culture. It is concluded, with Doise and Berry, that we need ‘multiple social psychologies’, and with Tajfel and Pepitone that social psychological research must consider the wider system within which social behaviour takes place.

This article examines political transportation—the construction of mental models that represent a political world and result in the absorption and positioning of oneself within the constructed world. Specifically, we propose that when citizens become immersed in the political narrative crafted by a politician, they become more likely to see the political world as personally relevant and, subsequently, become more committed to supporting that candidate. Further, the degree of political immersion should depend upon which media platform a campaign message is delivered through. These expectations were tested using an experiment where partisans were exposed to a campaign message delivered in the form of a television ad, a political e-mail, or a series of tweets. Results demonstrate that Twitter was the least likely to lead to political immersion. Further, results provide support for our theoretical model, where there is an indirect effect of campaign messages on political attitudes and behavior through immersion and perceived personal relevance. Taken together, this study demonstrates the utility of applying the concept of narrative transportation to politics.

This paper focuses on the infusion of multicultural materials into an undergraduate social psychology course at Southwestern University. Changes made to infuse the course with multicultural content are outlined. In particular, this paper discusses the ways in which key concepts in social psychology can be applied using a cross-cultural autobiography, and it examines the utility of using such a text. A survey evaluation of this approach reveals that students generally accept a multicultural approach to social psychology and feel that it aids in their understanding of key concepts. In addition, a comparison of exam means and performance on selected test items indicate no negative consequences of implementing such an approach. This paper also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of such a transformation and approach

T HE hiatus between social psychology and social work is most unfortunate, but it can be closed at the level of both theory and practice to their mutual benefit. The reestablishment of the section of Sociology and Social Work augurs for better cooperation in the future. Since the scope of social work is too large to handle in a brief paper, my chief emphasis will be on the relations of social psychology to social casework. As a basis for improving the communication between these two areas of interest and activity, it will be well to delimit each field. Social psychology is concerned with personality acting and reacting in a matrix of society and its culture. The key concept is interaction and the central theme is the individual's role and status in the situation or field of interacting individuals. One aim of social psychology, as of like sciences, is an understanding and analysis of events with an eye either to the reconstruction of the past or to the making of predictions of varying probability regarding future events. The statement that one purpose of science is prediction and control is not quite accurate. The functions of control rest not with the scientist per se but with the policy makers in regard to public and private action. This comment regarding control gives the cue to an examination of the nature of social work. Broadly conceived the theory and practice of social work fall definitely within the scope of social control and social action. Social workers may or may not employ the findings of science as a means to their ends, but their central concern is welfare. The history of social work reveals some shift from the philanthropic, Lady Bountiful, and religiously oriented philosophy to a more secular theory and practice. Yet the

The major thrust of this analysis is to demonstrate the value of making ecological psychology more social while recognizing that for this to occur, social psychology must become more ecological in the sense that its key concepts must be treated in an embodied manner. I elaborate these propositions by focusing on establishing differences between coordination and cooperation. I then explore a range of relationships between them from a social psychological perspective. To accomplish this integration, which uses the commitment to reciprocity as a joint organizing principle, I use three complementary models—dynamical systems, effectivities-affordances, and a role-rule model of social commitment. Key aspects of the analysis involve (1) elaborating the meaning of Turvey's (1990) proper-relations view of coordination and (2) demonstrating the particular relevance of roles and trust as unifying concepts. From this perspective, coordinations occur between roles, rather than individuals, at the level of team play. Team play, in turn, is shown to depend on trust. And trust, in turn, is related to perceptions of dependability, thereby illustrating a critical intersection of ecological and social psychology.

This article provides a comprehensive review of the significant contributions of Gestalt Theory to Social Psychology. It highlights how this perspective enriches the understanding of perception, cognition and social interaction. Originating in the field of perceptual psychology, Gestalt Theory postulates that individuals perceive visual and social elements as integrated parts of a whole, rather than sums of isolated components. This holistic principle is explored through its application in Social Psychology. How it influences impression formation, problem solving, decision making and group dynamics is examined. Key concepts such as insight thinking, figure background in social perception, and the importance of patterns and structures in interpreting social contexts are discussed. In addition, the impact of Gestalt Theory on research methods and social therapies is evaluated from a unique perspective on human interaction and group behavior. Finally, future research areas are suggested that could benefit from a deeper integration of Gestalt principles into Social Psychology, promoting a more holistic and dynamic approach to understanding the mind and social behavior.

One of the most remarkable manifestations of social cohesion in large-scale entities is the belief in a shared, distinct, and ancestral past. Human communities around the world take pride in their ancestral roots, commemorate their long history of shared experiences, and celebrate the distinctiveness of their historical trajectory. Why do humans put so much effort into celebrating a long-gone past? Integrating insights from evolutionary psychology, social psychology, evolutionary anthropology, political science, cultural history, and political economy, we show that the cultural success of historical myths is driven by a specific adaptive challenge for humans: The need to recruit coalitional support to engage in large-scale collective action and prevail in conflicts. By showcasing a long history of cooperation and shared experiences, these myths serve as super-stimuli, activating specific features of social cognition and drawing attention to cues of fitness interdependence. In this account, historical myths can spread within a population without requiring group-level selection, as long as individuals have a vested interest in their propagation and strong psychological motivations to create them. Finally, this framework explains not only the design features of historical myths, but also important patterns in their cross-cultural prevalence, interindividual distribution, and particular content.