Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Military and Defence Strategies

Properties and defence applications of carbon nanotubes are discussed in the paper. Carbon nanotubes are important emerging materials, showing diverse unique and interesting properties, such as optical, electronic, magnetic and mechanical properties, at the same time high chemical reactivity as well, due to their quantum confinement effects, more important, these properties are tunable in some extend. Lots of applications such as strength-enhanced structure materials, radar-absorbing structure, armor, body armor, wearable thermoelectric devices, smart textiles, water purification, warfare agent sensors and flat panel display, and so on, can be found using carbon nanotubes.

The study aimed to identify the effect of the Jordanian labor culture on the low operating rates in the sectors of engineering, plastic and rubber industries, printing, paper and packaging compared to other industrial sectors in Abdullah II Industrial City. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which is that there is an impact on the Jordanian labor culture on the low operating rates in the sectors of engineering, plastic and rubber industries, printing, paper and packaging compared with other industrial sectors. The study presented several recommendations, the most important of which is to raise or reconsider material and moral incentives in the sectors subject to study by the competent authorities, so that they are fair and appropriate to the nature of work in these sectors under the specified working hours. The State continues to provide all available means to prepare the worker technically and physically to work in the sectors studied through the training centers prepared for the Jordanian workers to train and enroll in these sectors through appropriate material and financial support.

Organizational culture plays an important role in realizing organizational performance productivity. Each country has its own different characteristics. They also have a unique way of implementing culture to realize the productivity. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of organizational culture in realizing performance productivity with case studies in Singapore, Japan, China, South Korea, and Indonesia. This study uses a literature study method. The results of this study indicate that the organizational culture applied in each of these countries has a significant influence on the productivity. In Singapore, the emphasis is on efficiency and innovation with a contribution to high productivity in the technology and industrial sectors. In Japan and South Korea, a culture that supports discipline, hard work, and teamwork produces performance, especially in the technology sector. While in China, the values of collectivity and respect for authority have improved performance. In Indonesia, with mutual cooperation, it plays an important role in building harmonious work in increasing its productivity. In general, organizational culture with local values has played a role in increasing performance productivity which is realized through collaboration, innovation, and the welfare of its members.

과학기술의 발전 분야의 발전 동향을 신속히 파악하기 위해 기술로드맵을 효율적으로 작성할 필요성이 제기되었다. 이를 위해 논문이나 특허를 이용한 계량정보적 접근이 많이 시도되고 있다. 하지만 의류학에서 이러한 계량정보분석은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 스마트 의류에 대한 특허정보를 이용한 실증적 정보분석을 통해 스마트 의류의 최근 기술동향 및 향후 기술개발방향을 살펴보았다. 또한 기존의 기술동향 지수와 특허 패밀리로 표시되는 시장확보 지수를 활용하여 국가별, 핵심 분야별 기술개발력과 시장확보력에 대한 분석을 시도하였다. 분석 결과, 스마트 의류의 전체적인 기술개발은 2000년 이후 지속적으로 증가 추세를 나타냈으며, 포트폴리오 분석 결과, 매년 특허건수와 출원인 수가 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 것으로 파악되어 스마트 의류 관련 기술은 현재 발전단계에 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 특허점유율과 시장확보지수를 비교한 결과 전자/정보통신 기술분야가 가장 높게 나타나 상대적으로 선기술 확보 경쟁과 시장 확대 경쟁이 큰 분야로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 제시한 시장확보 지수를 포함한 기술의 경제적 가치 분석 방법은 핵심 기술의 현 위치와 향후 발전 방향을 파악하기 위한 프로세스에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Advancement of science technology, combined with other technologies including smart clothing, enables value added product developments and market creation. Accordingly, it became necessary to identify technology trends promptly and to prepare future technology road map. For this purpose, many bibliometric analysis using thesis and patents have been made. However, few such attempts are made in clothing study. Thus, the study examined the latest technology trends and future technology development directions of smart clothing from empirical bibliometric analysis based on smart clothing patent documents. In addition, comparative analysis was made about the market leadership and technology development capability of core sectors by countries utilizing market reach index expressed as patent families and technology development index. The study revealed that overall smart clothing technology development trends has been continuously increasing since 2000. Also the results confirmed that it is in the development stage from the fact that each year the number of patents and patent applicants in portfolio analysis also has been increasing. In addition, comparative results of patent market share and market reach index, with the highest in electronics/ICT technology sectors, indicated that this is the technology sector with competitive acquisition of comparatively advanced technology and market expansion. The analysis methodology of economic value of technology including the presented market reach index in this report is expected to be utilized in the process to identify the current positioning of core technology and future development direction.

Understanding dynamics of daily stock returns provide insight in trading opportunities available in stock markets. The purpose of the study was to examine whether day of the week effect exists in the South African equity market. Daily data from Top 40, All Shares, Basic Materials, Industrials, Consumer Goods, Health Care, Consumer Services, Telecommunications, Financials and Technology indices were collected for period 1995 to 2018. Exponential and threshold generalized auto regressive conditional heteroskedasticity models were employed to analyse day of the week anomaly. Findings of the day of the week for the mean equation revealed a positive Monday effect for aggregate indices namely Top 40 and All shares whilst the sectorial analysis showed a positive Monday effect for Basic materials, Consumer goods, Health care and Telecommunication. Furthermore, the mean equation for day of the week depicted a positive Tuesday effect for Financials sector, positive Wednesday effect for Consumer services sector and Thursday effect for Industrials and Technology sectors. The variance equation highlighted negative Monday effect for Top 40 and All shares as well as Basic materials, Consumer goods, Health care, Consumer services, Telecommunication and Financials sectors. However, Industrials sector indicated a negative Friday effect. The existence of day of the week effect nullifies the efficient market hypothesis in its weak form. In practice, it is recommended that for Mondays investors should invest in Top 40 and All shares, for Tuesday and Wednesday it would be prudent for investors to invest in Financial and Consumer services sectors respectively. Returns for Thursdays are attractive to an investor investing in the Industrial sector. An investor can reduce exposure by diversifying in the Health sector on Monday and in the by Industrial sector on Friday. Unlike previous studies that focussed on aggregate market indices, this study extended the analysis to sectors that constitute the market index.

COVID-19 has become a huge worry for the Globe. The social and economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic will be far reaching and devastating for all. In this globally connected world, every country will get impacted by the devastation caused by the pandemic. The COVID-19 is likely to lead to certain permanent or long-lasting. By the time, when the pandemic ends, we will probably see a new world, a new lexicon, a new social norm with far reaching economic and social destruction. When COVID-19 outbreak started spreading across the world, thousands of people started facing severe health issues and death rates increased. The only way to stop the spread of the pandemic was to stop all social and economic activities in the affected countries for indefinite period of time. This led many countries to impose complete lock-down all across the globe which is still going on going on. In such a scenario all business activities, across all industries were completely stopped. The lockdown impacted various sectors in varied degree. For example, the airlines, hospitality, hotel, manufacturing industry is totally stopped and will take a long time to come out of this situation, if at all. Millions of people in these sectors are likely to lose jobs in these sectors. COVID-19 pandemic caused enormous disruption in businesses, which will take years to recover, if at all. The disruption is likely to lead to permanent shut down of many businesses, unable to bear the financial losses and disruptions caused by the pandemic. To get over the current situation, companies are trying to run offices and administration jobs through “Work from Home” mode. Companies are trying to cope up with economic turbulence caused due to COVID 19 through the usage of disruptive technology by working from home concept. Earlier work from home was an acceptable business practice only in IT and Technology sectors. However, other industry sectors were reluctant to adopt WFH as a good business practice. The biggest business change that we can see today, forced by the global spread the pandemic, is that many companies have been forced to implementing Work from Home mode for their employees. During the last 2 months, companies have found significant benefit in the WFH. Most companies, going forward, are looking at WFH as an integral business model. The WFH mode is helping some industries and functions in keeping its operations going, in a limited way. This research paper analyses the positives and negatives aspects of work from home concept as during this COVID-19 crisis, people working on WFH, are compelled to live in social isolation and emotional distancing. One can balance the responsibilities of work-life domains, especially when life domain needs as much attention as to work, during these difficult times. The study has focused on the impact of COVID-19 virus pandemic on working life of employees. This research paper also emphasizes that how employers as well as HR managers are required to think out of the box and bring forth best practices as well as redefining HR roles during any adversity .This research paper will also give light on few important issues such as People-Connect , adoption of a system of Skilling, re-skilling, Up-skilling and multi-skilling people about technology, design thinking, storytelling, analytics, Artificial intelligence to prepare our workforce to become more competent and talented by enhancing their skill set. Keywords: Work from Home, COVID-19, social distancing, lockdown, people-connect, re-skilling, multi-skilling, up-skilling, technology disruption. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-15-02 Publication date: May 31 st 2020

The Lancet journals welcome a new open access policy

Purpose: The aim of the article is to determine the price sensitivity of students to their favorite 6 applications and programs. Design/methodology/approach: The main research problem is: What is the price sensitivity of students to their favorite applications and programs? The study was conducted using the quantitative method, the survey technique on students in Krakow (Poland) in May and June 2023. The research sample was 424 people. Findings: Every second student would not give up Messenger if it was paid at an affordable price, every third from Instagram and Spotify, every fourth from YouTube, and every fifth from TikTok. They would be less willing to pay, for example, for Facebook. Every third student would be willing to pay up to PLN 20 per month for their favorite application or program (above this amount, they would rather not use it than pay). Every fifth respondent indicated PLN 30 per month as the upper limit. The vast majority of students (71%) declared that if the respondents' favorite application or program was paid at an affordable price, they would continue to use it. One in four respondents said they would look for a replacement (25%). Research limitations/implications: Studying price sensitivity in the new technologies sector is a complex problem and the research presented in this work covers only selected aspects in this field. Practical implications: The research results show young people's declarations of price changes in the new technologies sector. Could raising the prices of their favorite apps cause them to use them less? The new technologies sector can use the research results to set prices for selected applications or programs. Social implications: The research conclusions can be used to determine whether price manipulation for new technologies can result in less use of them by young people, and thus have a positive social effect. Originality/value: The study provides insights into the willingness of students to pay for these services and identifies specific preferences and behaviors regarding the use of paid and free versions of applications. The research results can be used by owners of online platforms, marketers, educators and students. Keywords: price elasticity of demand, consumer price sensitivity, willingness to pay, new technologies, social media. Category of the paper: research paper.

Single Atoms for Energy Applications

Background: Open Access aims at improving the discovery, access and re-use of research not only within the scientific community, but also within broader society, for instance to promote innovation in industry. Yet, the extent to which openly available scientific work impacts technological inventions remains largely unknown. Methods: We combine publicly available data sources about patents and scholarly publications to explore the extent to which Open Access scientific literature is cited in patents. Results: Investigating over 22 million patent families indexed in Google Patents between 2010 and 2020, we found that around one third referenced non-patent literature. However, the number of references per patent family can vary considerably across technological sectors and inventor countries. Based on a sample of 215,962 scientific non-patent references published between 2008 and 2020, we determined the Open Access status using Unpaywall, Europe PubMed Central and arXiv. The proportion of Open Access citations grew over the years, with nearly half of cited articles being openly available. Discussion: In line with research on both technology-science linkage and Open Access, we found considerable country- and subject- specific variations. In particular, patents representing inventions from the US and the UK cited Open Access work disproportionately more often, although it is challenging to link these observations to specific science policies and incentives. We recommend that follow-up research and monitoring exercise take advantage of a growing evidence base associated with patent citations and Open Access evidence.

The heat transfer ratio has some important applications in industries and the engineering sector. In this model, the authors used the hybrid nanofluid because the heat transfer ratio of hybrid nanofluid is more as compared to the base fluid; the key objective of this research work is to boost up the heat transfer ratio, for example, to regulate the energy is possible only by adding the heat transmission mechanism in the flow model. The current research paper investigates the steady 3D MHD mixed convection couple stress flow of hybrid nanofluid with hall and ion slip effect. The objective of the current research work is to increase the heat consignment ratio, which is the demand of the manufacturing and engineering sector, this type of flow has some important applications in the industries sector and engineering sector for the purpose of cooling and hotness effect, also hotness and cooling play some important role in daily life. To transform the nonlinear partial differential equation to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation we used the defined similarity transformation. The transform nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved by an approximate analytical method. The important obtained results are presented in the graphs. The influence of different parameters such as couple stress parameter, mixed convection parameter, nanoparticle volume friction, Hall parameter, magnetic field parameter, thermophores parameter, Eckert number, and prandtl number are taken over graphs. The Cf(skin friction coefficient), Nu(nusselt number), convergence control parameter, and comparison of the present work with the published work are described in the form of tables.

Nano particles have gained special attention in recent years due to their remarkable electrical, magnetic, optical, and mechanical capabilities, and they offer a variety of uses in all sectors of engineering. Gold nanoparticles, for instance, are catalytic when they are 10 nm in size, whereas nanoparticles with a short radius of curvature and angular forms have better catalytic capabilities. Co-precipitation nanoparticle production is a simple approach that results in a wide range of nanoparticle sizes. Top-down and bottom-up techniques used to create mono-dispersed spherical bismuth (Bi) NPs. These Nanoparticles have outstanding colloidal characteristics. Sputtering is the technique for creating NPs that involves hitting solid surfaces with the high energy particles like gas or plasma. In an aqueous solution, gold nanoparticles were created by using a laser ablation approach. A zeta potentiometer is often used to assess surface charges and their dispersal constancy in a solution. Several industry and technology sectors, including IT, medicine, energy, transportation, homeland security, food safety, and environmental research, are being significantly improved, if not revolutionized, by nano-technology.

Smart polyethylene textiles for radiative and evaporative cooling

With the continuous development of the internet and its related industries, the internet is constantly popularized in residents' daily life. Therefore, the development and progressive prospects of internet technology companies are significant for investors. However, little research is concentrating on the strategy of investing in the technology sector and its corresponding development. Therefore, the research theme of this paper is to take Apple Inc. as an example to analyze the development trend and corresponding investment strategies of internet technology companies. This paper uses the stock data of the top 30 companies ranked in market value in the technology sector in the past eight years and analyzes the data with a momentum strategy model. This paper finds that the internet technology company and its corresponding technology field will continue to develop and grow. Apple Inc. has gained a leading position in this field through its innovative products and technologies. Additionally, the momentum strategy has higher returns after improvement and application in science and technology. In the future, with continuous development in science and technology, the corresponding investment in this field will be further profitable.

Investigation of the impacts of several diols on the phase behavior and physico-chemical quantities associated with the Triton X-100 and antidiabetic drug mixture