Nanomagnetic chitosan/β-cyclodextrin for dispersive solid phase extraction of trace desipramine drug

Abstract

In recent years, there has been an increase in the amount of pharmaceutical medication contamination of water sources. They are extremely difficult to detect since they are only present in trace amounts. In the presented study, the extraction method of dispersive solid phase was paired with HPLC as an easy, effective, and developed approach for preconcentration and measurement of desipramine drug, a depression medication, in aqueous and urine samples with nanomagnetic chitosan/β-cyclodextrin. The sorbent was produced from magnetic nanoparticles of (Fe3O4) in chitosan substrate modified with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) for increasing porosity, and then it was distinguished by several methods, containing X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The significant elements affecting extraction effectiveness are optimized as pH, ionic strength of the solution, amount of adsorbent, the type of elution solvent, temperature and time adsorption, and elution solvent volume (in a multivariate method with the help of the Design Expert program). The results show the very good performance of this technique. The calibration curve of the method is a range of linear of 2–50 μg/L. The detection limit of the method is 0.39 μg/L, the 2.50% relative standard deviation in the method, and the correlation coefficient is 0.98. The maximum adsorbent capacity was recorded at 59.98 mg g−1.