Abstract
Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by damage of articular cartilage, alteration of subchondral bone, and inflamed synovium. Articular cartilage is essentially composed of an avascular matrix produced by chondrocytes. In OA, articular cartilage follows a progressive degeneration, where low-grade inflammation plays a pivotal role through an oxidative stress-dependent mechanism and exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS). In chondrocytes, the only cells of the cartilage, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is one of the major ROS producers and plays a major role in catabolism regulation.
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