Abstract
Brassica rapa L., an edible and medical vegetable, has been traditionally used in Uyghur folk medicine to treat coughs and asthma in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. In this study, we prepared an n-butanol subfraction of B. rapa L. (BRBS) and investigated the anti-tumor effect on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The proliferation of A549 cells was significantly inhibited by BRBS treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner. BRBS significantly induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c, which promoted caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase processing. Moreover, BRBS significantly suppressed the migration of A549 cells in vitro. These results suggest that BRBS inhibited A549 cell proliferation through increased ROS production and the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. Consequently, BRBS might be a potential candidate for the treatment of lung cancer.
Highlights
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide [1]
Our results showed that BRBS could induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in A549 cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the mitochondria-dependent pathway
We investigated whether BRBS inhibited the growth of A549 cells through induction of
Summary
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide [1]. In China, lung cancer is the most common cancer with around 733,300 new cases and 610,200 deaths in 2015 [2]. Different strategies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been developed to treat lung cancer [3,4,5], the overall five-year survival rate is still lower than 18% [6]. It is necessary to explore new drugs for the treatment of lung cancer. A number of studies have been focused on the anti-tumor effects of natural products, especially traditional Chinese medicine [7,8,9,10]. Brassica vegetables belong to the Brassicaceae family and Molecules 2018, 23, 1687; doi:10.3390/molecules23071687 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
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