虚再認に及ぼす単語の状況頻度の効果

Abstract

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of situational frequency of words on false recognitions. Two-stage recognition model (Hall & Kozloff, 1970) assumes that subjects discriminate the critical stimulus (CS) and its associate (E) in terms of their situational frequency and the failure to discriminate between the two leads to the false recognition of E. The situational frequency of E is a function of the number of implicit associative responses (IAR) elicited by CSs. In the first experiment, 60 college students studied a list of familiar words that involved CSs followed by a recognition test. False recognitions of Es elicited by two or three CSs were more frequent than those by a CS presented two or three times. In the second experiment, 50 college students were asked to write down the CS which came to mind in recognition test. The pattern of false recognition occurrence when CS came to mind was the same as the above, but the frequency of such false recognitions was low. The results support the two-stage recognition model. Individual difference in IARs and the possibility that subjects utilized graphemic features as discriminative cues were discussed.