Abstract
A job-stress coping inventory was developed and used to investigate determinants of stress reactions in novice nurses (n=418) with less than 1 year of nursing experience after graduation. Analysis of responses to the inventory indicated four types of coping styles: problem solving, avoidance/optimism, social support seeking, and self-reproof/introspection. A longitudinal study using the inventory was undertaken with 43 nurses at 3, 6, and 12 months after starting work, which suggested that the stress level in novice nurses differed widely. Stress due to nursing care peaked at 3 months and stress due to human relations in the workplace peaked at 6 months. Depression was positively correlated with conflict with superiors, and avoidance/optimism coping. Depression was negatively correlated with avoidance/optimism coping at 3 months. Self-reproof/introspection coping and conflict with nursing care were positively correlated with depression at 6 months. Moreover, problem-solving coping was positively correlated with depression at 12 months.
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