相机陷阱法在潮间带底栖蟹类群落生态学中的应用研究

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 相机陷阱法在潮间带底栖蟹类群落生态学中的应用研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202102080404 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 科技基础资源调查专项（2017FY100701）；厦门大学研究生田野调查基金项目（2020FG022）；国家自然科学基金项目（42076161） Feasibility study on the application of camera trapping method in the study of benthic crab community ecology in the intertidal zone Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:潮间带大型底栖动物调查是滨海湿地生物多样性监测的重要环节。目前普遍应用的传统侵入性调查方法（挖掘法、手捕法和陷阱诱捕法）存在干扰强、耗时久和劳动密集等问题，无法客观反映活动性较强的蟹类等重要功能类群的群落结构和物种多样性。对陆地野生动物研究中常用的相机陷阱法进行了符合潮间带应用条件的便携式设计，并以红树林蟹类为例，通过与3种传统侵入性调查方法进行对比，探讨相机陷阱法在潮间带底栖蟹类群落生态学研究中的应用。结果表明：（1）相机陷阱法在种群密度测定方面比挖掘法提高2.1倍，比手捕法提高10.3倍，比陷阱诱捕法提高16.3倍；（2）相机陷阱法在调查物种数方面均高于3种传统侵入性调查方法，适用于沙蟹科（Ocypodidae）和方蟹科（Grapsidae）蟹类调查；（3）相机陷阱法对个体大小选择性弱，采样更加全面；（4）相机陷阱法在群落alpha多样性（Shannon-Wiener指数）、beta多样性（样方-多度矩阵总方差Var （Y））和功能多样性（Rao二次熵和功能离散度）调查方面整体不弱于侵入性调查方法。此外，相较于侵入性调查方法，相机陷阱法对沉积物结构破坏小、不干扰蟹类群落结构，在兼顾数据丰富性的同时又具有高效性。然而，由于相机陷阱法基于蟹类底表活动性，无法适用于冬季调查、夜行性蟹类和游泳型蟹类调查。未来，相机陷阱法的发展将与基于深度学习的图像处理技术结合以满足数据处理需求。研究揭示了相机陷阱法在潮间带底栖蟹类群落中的应用优越性与局限性，为潮间带大型底栖动物群落生态学的研究提供技术支撑。 Abstract:The investigation of macro-benthic fauna in the intertidal zone is a crucial part of biodiversity monitoring in coastal wetlands. However, there are still some critical gaps, such as the great effects of human disturbance, time-consuming and labor-intensive, that exist in the widely used traditional invasive survey methods (e.g., excavation, hand catch, and pitfall trapping) at present. Thus, it is hard for us to objectively investigate the community structure and biodiversity of important functional groups with intense activity such as crabs. The camera trap is commonly used in the study of terrestrial wildlife. A camera trapping method was designed with the character of portable to meet the application conditions of the intertidal zone. We took crabs in mangrove wetlands as the survey object. Then, the application of the camera trapping method in the study of intertidal benthic crab community ecology was discussed by comparing it with the three traditional invasive survey methods. The results showed that:(1) The camera trapping method was 2.1 times higher than the excavation method, 10.3 times higher than the hand catch method, and 16.3 times higher than the pitfall trapping method in population density determination. (2) The results of the number of species of camera trapping method was higher than the three traditional invasive survey methods. And camera trapping method was suitable for the investigation of Grapsidae and Ocypodidae. (3) The camera trapping method had weak selectivity on individual size and was more comprehensive in sampling. (4) The camera trapping method is no less than invasive survey methods on community alpha diversity (Shannon-Wiener index), beta diversity (total variance of the quadrat-abundance matrix, Var(Y)), and functional diversity (Rao quadratic entropy and functional dispersion). In addition, compared with the invasive survey methods, the camera trapping method has minor damage to the structure of sediment, does not interfere with the crab community structure, and has high efficiency while taking the data richness into account. However, because the camera trapping method is based on the surface activity of crabs, it cannot be applied to winter surveys and surveys of nocturnal crabs and swimming crabs. In the future, the development of camera trapping will be combined with image processing technology based on deep learning to meet data processing needs. This study revealed the advantages and limitations of the camera trapping method in the investigation of the intertidal benthic crab community. It also provided technical support for the study of intertidal macro-benthic community ecology. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献