风向因素对转基因抗虫棉花基因漂移效率的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 风向因素对转基因抗虫棉花基因漂移效率的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201207040932 作者: 作者单位: 中国农业大学昆虫学系,中国农业大学昆虫学系,中国农业大学昆虫学系,中国农业大学昆虫学系,中国农业大学昆虫学系 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项（2011ZX0811-002） The influence of wind direction on pollen-mediated gene flow in transgenic insect-resistant cotton Author: Affiliation: Department of Entomology,China Agricultural University,Department of Entomology,China Agricultural University,Department of Entomology,China Agricultural University,Department of Entomology,China Agricultural University,Department of Entomology,China Agricultural University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在转基因作物获准进行环境释放并实行大面积商品化推广的同时，基因漂移所引起的生态环境安全问题不容忽视。以含有双价抗虫基因（Bt/CpTI）的转基因棉花SGK321为花粉供体材料，以常规非转基因棉花品种石远321、中棉35、吉扎1号为花粉受体材料，在温室中人工创造定向风和非定向风条件，应用PCR与蛋白检测相结合的方法，检测外源基因发生基因漂移的效率。结果表明：随着与转基因棉花SGK321距离的增加，外源基因转移至非转基因棉花的基因漂移频率呈现波动性变化。在定向风处理中，基因漂移频率在距离转基因棉花6.4m处达到峰值33.33%，在测定范围内基因漂移最远距离为25.6m；而在非定向风处理中，基因漂移频率在距离转基因棉花12.8m处达到峰值36.67%，在测定范围内基因漂移最远距离为36m。非定向风可显著提高转移至海岛棉吉扎1号的基因漂移频率。外源基因从SGK321转移至其非转基因亲本石远321的基因漂移频率显著高于转移至陆地棉中棉35和海岛棉吉扎1号的漂移频率。为转基因棉花的生态安全性分析提供一定的理论参考价值。 Abstract:With the extensive environment release and large scale cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops, the ecological environment security problems, caused by transgene escape from GM crop to its non-GM counterpart and wild relatives, have appeared gradually. During the early years of breeding and seed increase, there are some uncertainty among regulators about containment measures needed to prevent the movement of regulated GM traits into adjacent fields and possibly into the human or animal food chain. Cotton, one of the wind-pollinated and highly outcrossing cash crops, is planted on millions of hectares annually and is the third most abundant GM crop. This study investigated the occurrence of gene flow from transgenic cotton to non-transgenic cottons under closed conditions using an insect-resistant gene as a tracer marker. The selectable marker used in this study was the synthetic GFM CryⅠA(C)gene which encoded Bt insecticidal protein with resistance to cotton bollworm. In order to determine the impacts of wind direction on pollen-mediated gene flow (PGF), two greenhouse experiments under different wind conditions (directed and indirected) were establishied. The growth area for each treatment was 480m2, and the row and plant spacing was 80cm×30cm. To observe the frequency and distance of gene flow, the transgenic cotton, SGK321 (Gossypium hirsutum L.), was used as a pollen donor, and conventional varieties Shiyuan321 (Gossypium hirsutum L.), Zhongmian35 (Gossypium hirsutum( L.) and Jizha1 (Gossypium barbadense L.) were applied as pollen recipients, separately. Following natural pollination under the wind conditions, the seeds were collected from each conventional varieties at varying distances and sown in pot culture. DNAs were extracted by the CTAB procedure during cotyledon period, then screened for CryⅠA(C) gene by PCR assays. The positive samples in the PCR assays were identified for Bt insecticidal protein by dipstick assay. The results showed that there was a variation of PGF with increasing distances from the donor plots. The highest frequencies of gene flow were (33.33±12.02)% at 6.4m in thg directed-wind treatment and (36.67±6.67)% at 12.8 m in the indirected-wind treatment. The maximal gene flow distance observed were 25.6m in the directed-wind treatment and 36m in the indirected-wind treatment. PGF to the island cotton (Jizha1) was higher under the indirected-wind treatment than that under the directed-wind treatment, associated with the possibility that the gargantuan island cotton could hinder the wind, leading to cross pollination. PGF to non-transgenic counterpart (Shiyuan321) was obviously higher than those to the island cotton (Jizha1) and the upland cotton (Zhongmian35), indicating that genetic relationship played an important role in cross-pollination with non-GM crops. Such control by individual factor (wind direction) under closed conditions in affecting the occurrence of gene flow rather than open-field trial designs could also be proved very useful in studying the influence of a certain factor on the gene flow. Our research may provide some reference value for the ecological safety assessment of transgenic cotton with the aim of establishing strategies to prevent pollen dispersal. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献