Abstract
This paper deals with preparation and application of microcapsules containing enzymes. Microencapsulation of enzymes has a number of advantages over other immobilization methods. Within the microcapsules, the enzymes are kept in the same soluble form as the native ones, and the substrates are allowed to react with them without steric restriction. The membrane of microcapsules prevents the immobilized enzymes from the destruction by endogenous enzymes, the immune reaction and the inactivation under physiological conditions.At present, enzymes may be microencapsulated by (a) phase separation method, (b) liquid drying method, (c) interfacial polymerization method. According to the objectives and conditions of the application, the most suitable method is selected out of three methods. Commercial applications of bioreactors employng immobilized enzymes draw a wide attention as a effective production of bioactive materials, and the microencapsulated enzymes have also vast potential in pharmaceutical and biomedical use. Furthermore, multienzyme systems would be desirable for more widespread applications. For immobilization of the multienzymes, microencapsulation has a number of advantages not shared by other methods.
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