Abstract
β-Myrcene (MYR) is 7-methyl-3-methylene-1,6-octadiene, a chemical compound classified as a monoterpene. It is essential for the manufacture of menthol, such as menthol. MYR is also a fragrance and flavoring agent. In June 2017, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) assessed this compound as “possibly carcinogen for humans” based on “sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals” and no data or “inadequate evidence” in humans. In gavage studies, MYR increased the incidences of malignant liver tumors (hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma) in male mice, benign and malignant liver tumors (hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma) in female mice, and benign and malignant kidney tumors (renal tubule adenoma or carcinoma) in male rats, as well as benign kidney tumors (renal tubule adenoma) in female rats. Following a strong absorption in rats and rabbits, conjugated MYR metabolites are excreted in the urine and MYR is not currently considered not genotoxic.
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