Abstract
Myosin Va, a member of Class V myosin, functions in organelle motility, spindle formation, nuclear morphogenesis and cell motility. The purpose of this study is to explore the expression and localization of myosin Va in testicular cancer and prostate cancer, and its specific roles in tumor progression including cell division, migration and proliferation. We detected myosin Va in testicular and prostate tumor tissues using sqRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Tumor samples showed an increased expression of myosin Va, abnormal actin and myosin Va distribution. Immunofluorescence images during the cell cycle showed that myosin Va tended to gather at cytoplasm during anaphase but co-localized with nucleus during other phases, suggesting the roles of myosin Va in disassembly of spindle microtubule, movement of chromosomes and normal cytokinesis. In addition, multi-nucleation and aberrant nuclear morphology were observed in myosin Va-knockdown cells. Wounding assay and CCK-8-based cell counting were conducted to explore myosin Va roles in cell migration, viability and proliferation. Our results suggest that myosin Va plays essential roles in maintaining normal mitosis, enhancing tumor cell motility and viability, and these properties are the hallmark of tumor progression and metastasis development. Therefore, an increased understanding of myosin Va expression and function will assist in the development of future oncodiagnosis and -therapy.
Highlights
Male reproductive system diseases become a common concern, especially testicular cancer and prostate cancer
Our results suggest that myosin Va plays essential roles in maintaining normal mitosis, enhancing tumor cell motility and viability, and these properties are the hallmark of tumor progression and metastasis development
We proposed a hypothesis that myosin Va is a kind of chromomyosin and participates in nuclear related activities, including normal assembly of spindle microtubule, movement of chromosomes and normal cytokinesis
Summary
Male reproductive system diseases become a common concern, especially testicular cancer and prostate cancer. Testicular cancer is among the most common malignancies in young (20 to 34-year-old) men worldwide [1]. Numerous studies showed an increase of testicular cancer in the last 50 years with substantial differences among countries [1, 2]. Among the different kinds of testicular cancer, approximately 95% are germ cell tumors [3, 4]. Adequate surgical excision, and optimal adjuvant treatment are the most common ways of testicular cancer treatment at present. As a result, Searching for the medicable factors and medicines to improve prognostic evaluation in patients with testicular and prostate cancer is of vital importance
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