Abstract
MDS are clonal disorders of multipotent or myeloid stem cells. The disease is characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis responsible for peripheral cytopenias and contrasting with a rich marrow. The natural course of this disease is acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This is a retrospective study on the files of patients who had a haematological assessment at the laboratory of the military hospital Avicenna Marrakech between July 2014 and July 2018 for a duration of 4 years. Included in our study were all patients with documented myelodysplasia. The average age of patients is 63.63 years with extremes of 19 years and 89 years; the sex ratio was 1.3 (17 men and 13 women). NFS was abnormal in all patients, 96.66% of whom had anemia. The myelogram was performed in all patients and allowed the diagnosis of MDS in 90% of cases. Our study shows that management needs to be further improved by selecting high-risk MDS patients, potentially candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Highlights
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of chronic and clonal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorders, characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis, resulting in one or more peripheral cytopenias. It is a pre-leukemic condition with possible progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in about one third of cases. [1, 2]
Hematopoietic stem cell allograft is, to date, potentially curative in MDS. It does imply the existence of a donor, an age generally less than 65-70 years, the absence of major co-morbidities and a sufficiently high risk MDS so that the benefit is not offset by toxicity. [4, 5]
[6] Homeostasis, production of oxygen free radicals, permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane, activation of caspases). [6]Studies show that a wide variety of chromosomal and gene abnormalities may contribute to the dysplastic and apoptotic phenotype of MDS by inhibiting cell survival signals, and / or proapoptotic signals relayed by the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. [6]
Summary
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of chronic and clonal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorders, characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis, resulting in one or more peripheral cytopenias. It is a pre-leukemic condition with possible progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in about one third of cases. Hematopoietic stem cell allograft is, to date, potentially curative in MDS. It does imply the existence of a donor, an age generally less than 65-70 years, the absence of major co-morbidities and a sufficiently high risk MDS so that the benefit is not offset by toxicity. We analyze the descriptive epidemiological data of 30 patients with MDS between 2014 and 2018
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