Abstract
Abstract A description is provided for Mycosphaerella arachidis . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Arachis hypogaea . DISEASE: Early leaf spot of groundnut: also called tikka with Mycosphaerella berkeleyi (CMI Descript. 412). Lesions circular, 1-10 mm diam., reddish-brown to black on the upper leaf surface and lighter shades of brown on the lower. Distinct chlorotic halos develop early on the upper surface. The lesions tend to be larger than those of M. berkeleyi and the dark stroma of the latter is absent. The conidia form on both leaf surfaces, the conidiophores being somewhat diffuse. Severe attacks cause defoliation (13, 74; 17, 651; 35, 342). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread with host (CMI Map 166, ed. 3, 1966). TRANSMISSION: In India the air dispersed conidia showed a diurnal periodicity with a peak at 1000 h (50, 1524), and in USA most conidia were trapped at 1100-1500 h; rain increased numbers (Smith & Crosby, Phytopathology 63: 703-707, 1973). Carry-over occurs in host debris and seed transmission seems unimportant.
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